“…The first is based on inulin degradation, whereas the second approach employs sucrose transformation catalyzed by fructosyltransferase (FTase) or b-fructofuranosidase (FFase) from microbial sources. Industrial scale production of FOS is commonly performed by either soluble enzymes in batch reactions (Hidaka, Eida, Adachi, & Saitoh, 1987) or by immobilized enzymes using continuous fixed-bed reactors (Park, Lim, Kim, Park, & Kim, 2005;Yun, Kang, & Song, 1995). Immobilized FTase from Aureobasidium pullulans and the immobilized whole cells have been used in packed bed reactors for the continuous production of FOS at a plant scale (Jung, Bang, Oh, & Park, 2011;Vaň ková, Onderková, Antošová, & Polakovič, 2008).…”