Industrial Synthetic Method of the Rubbers. 1. Butadiene Rubber

Sone, T.

doi:10.1177/0307174x1604300110

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Industrial stereospecific 1,3-diene polymerization relies on empirically designed intricate catalyst mixtures. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Widely deployed rare-earth-metal-based catalysts consist of neodymium compounds (carboxylates, chlorides, alkoxides), AliBu 3 (TIBA), AlEt 2 Cl, and/or HAliBu 2 . [4,7] Highly active catalysts form by ambiguous pathways from these mixtures, [8] yet these are poorly defined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divalent Lanthanide Tetraisobutylaluminates: Reactivity and Living Isoprene Polymerization

et al. 2023

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Lanthanide (Ln) tetraisobutylaluminates constitute key components in commercial 1,3-diene polymerization catalysts, and likewise are the homogeneous rare-earth-metal catalysts of prime industrial importance. Discrete divalent rare-earth-metal complexes [Ln-(AliBu 4 ) 2 ] (Ln = Sm, Eu, Yb) reported here display the first structurally characterized homoleptic metal tetraisobutylaluminates. Treatment of [Ln(AliBu 4 ) 2 ] with C 2 Cl 6 gives access to Sm II /Sm III mixed-valence cluster [Sm 6 Cl 8 (AliBu 4 ) 6 ] and the Yb II cluster [Yb 4 Cl 4 (AliBu 4 ) 4 ], respectively. Reaction with B(C 6 F 5 ) 3 leads to hydride abstraction and formation of arene-coordinated hydroborates such as [Sm{HB(C 6 F 5 ) 3 } 2 (toluene) 2 ]. Complexes [Ln(AliBu 4 ) 2 ] engage in single-component isoprene polymerization, affording high cis-1,4 polyisoprenes with narrow molecular weight distributions. Binary [Yb-(AliBu 4 ) 2 ]/[HNPhMe 2 ][B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ] fabricates polyisoprene in a perfectly living manner. The catalytically active species are scrutinized by NMR spectroscopy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divalent Lanthanide Tetraisobutylaluminates: Reactivity and Living Isoprene Polymerization

et al. 2023

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“…While, for out-ofplane wagging vibrations of CH groups near 1,4-trans isomer, the peak is shown broad and clear at 960 cm -1 and slightly different from the previous report. This difference is related to different chemical environments (Sone, 2016), (Wibowo, et al, 2020 (Dey, et al, 2017), (Ferry, 1980), (Restasari, et al, 2015), (Wibowo, et al, 2020). Considering different storage period, it has been reported that aged HTPB has less 1,2-vinyl isomer content (Akbaş, et al, 1994).…”

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Isomer Composition of Hydroxy Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) in Low Shear Flow Behavior (Efek dari Komposisi Isomer dari Hydroxy Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) terhadap Sifat Alir dalam Geseran Rendah)

et al. 2020

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HTPB is the ultimate component of matrix builder for high-filled composite materials. Flow behavior of HTPB in low shear is crucial in casting the composite. Considering the characteristics of hydrocarbon, this work aims to investigate the effect of microstructure composition of HTPB on its flow behavior. In this work, HTPB with different composition of 1,4-cis, 1,2-vinyl and 1,4-trans microstructures were used. Fourier-Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to determine the composition. It was calculated as a ratio of peak area of 710, 910 and 970 cm-1 for 1,4-cis, 1,2-vinyl, 1,4-trans isomers respectively. Viscosity was measured using a rotational viscometer at various low shear rates. It is found that HTPB with high 1,2-vinyl/1,4-trans isomers shows shear thickening behaviour, distinguished significantly from Newtonian flow of the others. It is suggested that mechanism of shear thickening involves a certain configuration of 1,2-vinyl and 1,4-trans isomers that builds different degrees of flow resistance from one to other shear layers. The configuration and flow resistance changes among layers as shear increases.

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“…Die industrielle stereospezifische 1,3-Dien-Polymerisation beruht auf komplexen, empirisch entwickelten Mischkatalysatoren. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Gängige Katalysatorsysteme auf der Basis von Seltenerdmetallen bestehen aus Neodym-Verbindungen (Carboxylate, Chloride, Alkoxide), AliBu 3 (TIBA), AlEt 2 Cl, und/oder HAliBu 2 . [4,7] Hochaktive Katalysatorspezies bilden sich auf komplexe Weise aus diesen Mischungen, [8] allerdings sind diese nur unzureichend charakterisiert.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Zweiwertige Lanthanoid‐Tetraisobutylaluminate: Reaktivität und lebende Isoprenpolymerisation

et al. 2023

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Lanthanoid (Ln)‐Tetraisobutylaluminate sind Schlüsselkomponenten in kommerziell genutzten Katalysatoren für die 1,3‐Dienpolymerisation und sind gleichsam Seltenerdmetall‐Katalysatoren von wesentlicher industrieller Relevanz. Die hier beschriebenen, diskreten zweiwertigen Seltenerdmetall‐Komplexe [Ln(AliBu4)2] (Ln=Sm, Eu, Yb) sind die ersten strukturell charakterisierten, homoleptischen Tetraisobutylaluminat‐Komplexe. Durch Umsetzen von [Ln(AliBu4)2] mit C2Cl6 wird der gemischtvalente SmII/SmIII‐Cluster [Sm6Cl8(AliBu4)6], sowie der YbII‐Cluster [Yb4Cl4(AliBu4)4] erhalten. Reaktion mit B(C6F5)3 führt zur Hydridabstraktion und zur Bildung Aren‐koordinierter Hydridoborate, wie beispielsweise [Sm{HB(C6F5)3}2(Toluol)2]. Die Komplexe [Ln(AliBu4)2] sind Einkomponentenkatalysatoren für die cis‐1,4‐selektive Polymerisation von Isopren mit enger Molmassenverteilung. Das Zweikomponentenkatalysatorsystem [Yb(AliBu4)2]/[HNPhMe2][B(C6F5)4] katalysiert die lebende Isoprenpolymerisation, wobei die aktiven, zweiwertigen Spezies mittels NMR‐Spektroskopie untersucht werden.

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Industrial Synthetic Method of the Rubbers. 1. Butadiene Rubber

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Divalent Lanthanide Tetraisobutylaluminates: Reactivity and Living Isoprene Polymerization

Divalent Lanthanide Tetraisobutylaluminates: Reactivity and Living Isoprene Polymerization

Effect of Isomer Composition of Hydroxy Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) in Low Shear Flow Behavior (Efek dari Komposisi Isomer dari Hydroxy Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) terhadap Sifat Alir dalam Geseran Rendah)

Zweiwertige Lanthanoid‐Tetraisobutylaluminate: Reaktivität und lebende Isoprenpolymerisation

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