“…The well-known trends towards automation and the one of industry 4.0 push to reconsider on a broader perspective the interplay of humans and machines for the space they share (Monostori et al, 2016) or environment where they collaborate (Kr€ uger et al, 2009). New technologies (Cecila et al, 2019;Ghini et al, 2019;Cao et al, 2019;Harari et al, 2017) and old/standard tools (Bi et al, 2011;Inasaki, 1998;Schwarz et al, 2018) can be exploited to automatically gather information about planned methods, real human behavior and times (e.g. setup time, assembly, manufacturing, material handling activities).…”