Industry 4.0 Readiness Factor Calculation and Process Planning: State-of-the-Art Review

Abstract

Process planning is confronting changes in terms of Industry 4.0. If the strategy and the investment plan are not defined properly, changes might cause loss. This emphasizes the importance of the readiness factor calculation. The factor expresses the current stage of development and enables the definition of a plan of action with respect to a goal. This paper gives a state-of-the-art preview of existing readiness factor calculation methods both within scientific and commercial approaches. Relation between the Industry 4.0, process planning and readiness factor calculation methods is examined and the scientific gap in the field is detected. This has enabled to create a framework of the new readiness factor calculation method, specialized for process planning in Industry 4.0.

An Industry 4.0 readiness model for new technology exploitation

“…Trstenjak and Opetuk (2020) reviewed previous Industry 4.0 readiness models and calculated their factors with scientific and commercial approaches. In this research, the applications of Industry 4.0 technologies were examined in the areas of manufacturing, economics, information technology, enterprise resource planning, logistics and supply chain.…”

“…2.1.10 Internet of data. Internet of Things is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, which is able to transfer data over a network (Trstenjak and Opetuk, 2020). This technology enables organizations to benefit from tracking, identifying, promoting data and making greater use of valuable business information through big data analytics.…”

“…Nick et al (2019) and Grufman et al (2020) used the same dimensions to assess Industry 4.0 readiness in their studies. On the other hand, Trstenjak and Opetuk (2020) and Sony and Aithal (2020) analyzed the technical aspect of readiness using smart factory, smart operations, and smart products as the dimensions and the managerial aspect of readiness including strategy and organization, employees, leadership and culture as the dimensions. VMG model focused more on business models, products and services portfolio, value chain and legal considerations as well as strategy and organization, smart factory and smart products.…”

Implementing the Augmented Reality as an Industry 4.0 Application to Simplify the Busbar Bending Process during the Covid-19 Pandemic

“…The Industry 4.0 concept implies that the process plans have to be defined more often than in the conventional manufacturing method in which products are less variable and less often customized for a single user. This raises a possibility of making errors and of unoptimized process plan, which leads to an increase in costs and a decrease in the product quality [11]. Nowadays, several companies consider AR as an essential method for acquiring modern and novel services to present their products [12].…”

Proposal of a Tool for Determining Sub- and Main Dimension Indicators in Assessing Internal Logistics Readiness for Industry 4.0 within a Company

“…[21] The company's management should create a strategy in which it evaluates the readiness of internal logistics processes for the Industry 4.0 concept. This is part of the works of [22][23][24][25] Readiness will be evaluated on the basis of the use of the proposed tool. The methodology is designed for industrial enterprises that have certain characteristics and these may be different.…”