Ineffectiveness of light emitting diodes as underwater deterrents for Long-tailed Ducks Clangula hyemalis

Cantlay, Jennifer C.; Bond, Alexander L.; Wells‐Berlin, Alicia M.; Crawford, Rory; Martin, Graham R.; Rouxel, Yann; Peregoy, Sharon; McGrew, Kathleen A.; Portugal, Steven J.

doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01102

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Many efforts have been directed at deterrence methods for bycatch, with good success for longline and trawl fisheries, but less effort has been focused on deterrents for gill-net fisheries (Løkkeborg 2011), with mixed results. For example, Hanamseth et al (2018) suggested that orange mesh reduced bird collision rates between birds and nets more than green or clear mesh, but Field et al (2019) showed that high contrast panels and lights did not reduce numbers of seabirds caught, and Cantlay et al (2020) provided additional evidence for the ineffectiveness of light-emitting diodes as deterrents. Acoustic pulses have been used to deter marine mammals (Waples et al 2013) and may hold promise for seabirds in some situations (Melvin et al 1999;McGrew 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bycatch of Loons Assessed in Coastal Arctic Char Fisheries in the Canadian Arctic

Robertson

Keegan

Pollet

et al. 2022

N American J Fish Manag

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Bycatch in fisheries remains one of the biggest conservation threats to seabirds globally, but there has been limited attention given to bycatch in the Arctic. Here, we worked with Inuit commercial fishers in the Cambridge Bay region of Nunavut to record bycatch of birds as part of a fish bycatch reporting initiative, in weir and gill‐net fisheries that target anadromous Arctic Char Salvelinus alpinus. Weir fisheries, and one of the gill‐net fisheries (executed in freshwater), had no bird bycatch, but 291 loons (family Gavidae) were captured over 5 years in one estuarine–marine fishery, yielding an exceptionally high bycatch rate of 15.7 birds/1,000 net‐meter‐days. One of the species caught, the yellow‐billed loon Gavia adamsii, is considered near threatened, but data on the population status of this species is insufficient to determine whether bycatch forms a significant threat. Nonetheless, deterrence efforts or other conservation options are needed in estuarine gill‐net fisheries to reduce bird bycatch.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2019) showed that high contrast panels and lights did not reduce numbers of seabirds caught, and Cantlay et al. (2020) provided additional evidence for the ineffectiveness of light‐emitting diodes as deterrents. Acoustic pulses have been used to deter marine mammals (Waples et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bycatch of Loons Assessed in Coastal Arctic Char Fisheries in the Canadian Arctic

Robertson

Keegan

Pollet

et al. 2022

N American J Fish Manag

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“…During trials, whereby visual alerts were attached to standard gillnets (e.g. high-contrast panels and LED lights), bycatch remained the same or even increased for long-tailed ducks when white flashing LED lights were used as a deterrent [ 12 , 18 ]. The Baltic Sea has very turbid water with a high sediment load, and even marine-adapted birds may have reduced visual capacity in these waters [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buoys with looming eyes deter seaducks and could potentially reduce seabird bycatch in gillnets

et al. 2021

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Bycatch of seabirds in gillnet fisheries is a global conservation issue with an estimated 400 000 seabirds killed each year. To date, no underwater deterrents trialled have consistently reduced seabird bycatch across operational fisheries. Using a combination of insights from land-based strategies, seabirds' diving behaviours and their cognitive abilities, we developed a floating device exploring the effect of large eyespots and looming movement to prevent vulnerable seabirds from diving into gillnets. Here, we tested whether this novel above-water device called ‘Looming eyes buoy' (LEB) would consistently deter vulnerable seaducks from a focal area. We counted the number of birds present in areas with and without LEBs in a controlled experimental setting. We show that long-tailed duck Clangula hyemalis abundance declined by approximately 20–30% within a 50 m radius of the LEB and that the presence of LEBs was the most important variable explaining this decline. We found no evidence for a memory effect on long-tailed ducks but found some habituation to the LEB within the time frame of the project (62 days). While further research is needed, our preliminary trials indicate that above-water visual devices could potentially contribute to reduce seabird bycatch if appropriately deployed in coordination with other management measures.

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“…The number of birds bycaught annually in the North and Baltic Seas has been estimated at 100,000-200,000, with most bycatch occurring in the Baltic Sea (Žydelis et al, 2009). While technical measures are being effectively implemented to reduce bird bycatch for other fishing methods; for gillnets, none of the attempts thus far have been effective across a range of bird species (Melvin, Parrish & Conquest, 1999;Northridge et al, 2017;Field et al, 2019;Cantlay et al, 2020). To protect birds from bycatch, the best method would be to completely eliminate the gillnet fishery in vulnerable areas (Grip & Blomqvist, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and social science approaches are both needed to manage bird bycatch in small‐scale fisheries

Psuty

Całkiewicz

2021

Aquatic Conservation

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1. Puck Bay is one of the most important resting and wintering places for seabirds in the Baltic Sea. It is also an important, intensively used fishery ground for traditional small-scale fisheries operating with gillnets. The protection measures proposed in the consultation for the Natura 2000 PuckBay conservation plan encountered considerable resistance from small-scale fishermen. The most serious problem was the gap in scientific knowledge and the proposed closure of gillnets in a substantial area of the bay for the period from November to April.3. The conditions of bird bycatch in Puck Bay for the period from 1 October 2014 to the end of April 2015 are considered from two perspectives: modelling of bycatch data collected during pilot monitoring by direct on-board observation together with voluntary fishery logbooks and content analysis of fishermen's interviews.The results from both attempts indicate that solutions to minimize bird bycatch should be sought for winter (December-February) and for all net types. Bycatch is also influenced by depth and fishing area. The modelling results indicate that fishing time is also important.4. The bycatch in Puck Bay between October 2014 and April 2015 was estimated at 1,332 birds (95% confidence interval: 789-2,898). The estimation was subject to additional uncertainty due to quantitative data limitations. 5. In conflicting situations that require fisheries management to protect the environment, the use of fisheries knowledge through social science methods is essential. The barrier to such interdisciplinary research seems to be a lack of trust not only between fishermen and scientists but also between natural and social scientists.6. Fishery management in Puck Bay should be based on the combination of continuous bird and bird bycatch monitoring with the integration of local fishery knowledge to minimize the scale of bycatch.

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Ineffectiveness of light emitting diodes as underwater deterrents for Long-tailed Ducks Clangula hyemalis

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

Bycatch of Loons Assessed in Coastal Arctic Char Fisheries in the Canadian Arctic

Bycatch of Loons Assessed in Coastal Arctic Char Fisheries in the Canadian Arctic

Buoys with looming eyes deter seaducks and could potentially reduce seabird bycatch in gillnets

Natural and social science approaches are both needed to manage bird bycatch in small‐scale fisheries

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