Inelastic behaviour of bacterial cellulose hydrogel: In aqua cyclic tests

Gao, Xing; Shi, Zhijun; Liu, Changqing; Yang, Guang; Sevostianov, Igor; Silberschmidt, Vadim V.

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2015.03.021

Cited by 48 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Since it is non-biodegradable in-vivo, mechanical properties of the BC hydrogel will remain consistent with those of native tissues [8] , enhancing the importance of comprehensive understanding of mechanical behaviour of BC under relevant conditions that is not fully investigated. As found in some recent studies, the BC hydrogel demonstrates nonlinear inelastic behaviour with unique deformation mechanisms [15] . Formation of entanglements and re-orientation of nanofibres by external loading dominate its mechanical performance in a quasi-static loading regime [15].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…As found in some recent studies, the BC hydrogel demonstrates nonlinear inelastic behaviour with unique deformation mechanisms [15] . Formation of entanglements and re-orientation of nanofibres by external loading dominate its mechanical performance in a quasi-static loading regime [15]. Squeezing of free water is one of key phenomena caused by shrinkage of a multi-layer network [16] .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Hence, the induced microstructure was used to observe microstructural changes. For this, specimens were stretched to 40% strain, and then fixed in a custom-made fixture [15]. Then, water in specimens was removed in a freeze-dryer.…”

Section: Micro-morphological Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under tension, fibre reorientation in fibrous plane is a main deformation mechanism leading to material stiffening [15]. Micro-morphology of specimen after 50% stretching at low and high strain rates is shown in Figs.…”

Section: Microstructural Changes At Various Strain Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of microstructure on anomalous strain-rate-dependent behaviour of bacterial cellulose hydrogel

Gao

Shi

Lau

et al. 2016

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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This study is focused on anomalous strain-rate-dependent behaviour of bacterial cellulose (BC) hydrogel that can be strain-rate insensitive, hardening, softening, or strain-rate insensitive in various ranges of strain rate. BC hydrogel consists of randomly distributed nanofibres and a large content of free water; thanks to its ideal biocompatibility, it is suitable for biomedical applications. Motivated by its potential applications in complex loading conditions of body environment, its time-dependent behaviour was studied by means of inaqua uniaxial tension tests at constant temperature of 37°C at various strain rates ranging from 0.0001 s -1 to 0.3 s -1 . Experimental results reflect anomalous strain-rate-dependent behaviour that was not documented before. Micro-morphological observations allowed identification of deformation mechanisms at low and high strain rates in relation to microstructural changes. Unlike strain-rate softening behaviours in other materials, reorientation of nanofibres and kinematics of free-water flow dominate the softening behaviour of BC hydrogel at high strain rates.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Micro-morphological Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microstructural Changes At Various Strain Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of microstructure on anomalous strain-rate-dependent behaviour of bacterial cellulose hydrogel

Gao

Shi

Lau

et al. 2016

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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“…Mechanically, hydrogels should provide deformational behaviour similar to that of real tissues under relevant conditions [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Through-thickness stress relaxation in bacterial cellulose hydrogel

Gao

Kuśmierczyk

Shi

et al. 2016

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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Biological hydrogels, e.g. bacterial cellulose (BC) hydrogel, attracted increasing interest in recent decades since they show a good potential for biomedical engineering as replacements of real tissues thanks mainly to their good biocompatibility and fibrous structure. To select potential candidates for such applications, a comprehensive understanding of their performance under application-relevant conditions is needed. Most hydrogels demonstrate time-dependent behaviour due to the contribution of their liquid phase and reorientation of fibres in a process of their deformation. To quantify such time-dependent behaviour is crucial due to their exposure to complicated loading conditions in body environment. Some hydrogel-based biomaterials with a multi-layered fibrous structure demonstrate a promise as artificial skin and blood vessels. The results show a good potential to use a fraction-exponential model to describe such behaviour of multi-layered hydrogels, especially at stages of stress decay at low forces and of stress equilibrium at high forces.

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Evaluating the Humidity Responsiveness of Bacterial Cellulose for Application in Responsive, Breathable Building Skins

Pynirtzi,

Debnath,

Lantzanakis

et al. 2023

RILEM Bookseries

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Breathable building skins have potential to reduce the operational energy requirements of buildings, which currently accounts for 28% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Moisture-responsive bio-based materials, such as wood and nanocellulosic fibres, can provide mechanical actuation due to their reversible shape change, through continuous wetting and drying process enabling the building envelope to passively respond to the environment while avoiding the need for mechanical ventilation. This study was conducted to evaluate the moisture responsiveness of bacterial cellulose materials that would lead to their potential use in the built environment. Thin sheets of bacterial cellulose were grown via the 'kombucha' process and six square samples were exposed to high and low relative humidity in a climate chamber at a constant temperature of 25 ℃. The results from eight, 4-day long, consecutive wetting-drying cycles (10% to 90% to 10% relative humidity), showed that bacterial cellulose presents significant, rapid and reversible dimensional changes. Changing from 10% to 90% relative humidity resulted in a thickness change around 15% and a weight change of 10% within one hour. The maximum changes detected were 97% in weight and 116% in thickness after 48 hours at 90% relative humidity. After 24 days of cyclic testing, the cyclic dimensional changes were maintained indicating no reduction in moisture responsiveness. The outputs of this study will inform the development and integration of bacterial cellulose within breathable wall constructions, in combination with insulation, thermal mass and cladding, to provide a passive, responsive, variable porosity building skin.

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Inelastic behaviour of bacterial cellulose hydrogel: In aqua cyclic tests

Cited by 48 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of microstructure on anomalous strain-rate-dependent behaviour of bacterial cellulose hydrogel

Effect of microstructure on anomalous strain-rate-dependent behaviour of bacterial cellulose hydrogel

Through-thickness stress relaxation in bacterial cellulose hydrogel

Evaluating the Humidity Responsiveness of Bacterial Cellulose for Application in Responsive, Breathable Building Skins

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