Inelastic Electron Interactions in the Energy Range 50 eV to 10 keV in Insulators: Alkali Halides and Metal Oxides

Akkerman, A.; Boutboul, T.; Breskin, A.; Chechik, R.; Gibrekhterman, A.; Lifshitz, Yael

doi:10.1002/pssb.2221980222

Cited by 99 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…11,33,[49][50][51] Incoming photons are absorbed within the simulation box, following the Lambert-Beer law, 52 with the mean attenuation length taken from Refs. 53-55.…”

Section: A Monte Carlo Modeling Of Photons High-energy Electrons Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scattering of a high-energy electron is treated with the complex dielectric function (CDF) formalism 38,51,57,58 : the cross sections σ i (E e ) for electron scattering within solid diamond are obtained from optical data, 53,54 extended for the case of finite momentum transfer q. The cross section is then calculated from the complex dielectric function (ω e ,q) as…”

Section: A Monte Carlo Modeling Of Photons High-energy Electrons Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonthermal graphitization of diamond induced by a femtosecond x-ray laser pulse

2013

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Diamond irradiated with an ultrashort intense laser pulse in the regime of photon energies from soft up to hard x rays can undergo a phase transition to graphite. This transition is induced by an excitation of electrons from the valence band or from atomic deep shells of the material into its conduction band, which is followed by a transient rapid change of the interatomic potential. Such a nonthermal phase transition occurs on a femtosecond time scale, shortly after or even during the laser pulse. In this work we show that the duration of the graphitization depends on the incoming photon energy: the higher the photon energy is, the longer the secondary electron cascading which promotes the electrons into the conduction band will take. The transient kinetics of the electronic and atomic processes during the graphitization is analyzed in detail. The damage threshold fluence is calculated in the broad photon energy range and is found to be always ∼0.7 eV/atom in terms of the average dose absorbed per atom. It is confirmed that the temporal characteristics of a femtosecond laser pulse (at a fixed pulse duration and fluence) do not significantly influence the transient damage kinetics. Finally, the influence of an additional surface layer of high-Z material on the damage within diamond is discussed.

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“…11,33,[49][50][51] Incoming photons are absorbed within the simulation box, following the Lambert-Beer law, 52 with the mean attenuation length taken from Refs. 53-55.…”

Section: A Monte Carlo Modeling Of Photons High-energy Electrons Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Monte Carlo Modeling Of Photons High-energy Electrons Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonthermal graphitization of diamond induced by a femtosecond x-ray laser pulse

2013

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“…In addition to a uniform information depth, equal kinetic energy of the photoelectrons provided a constant analyzer transmission function contribution and a constant gas phase scattering contribution. The inelastic mean free path (IMFP) was calculated using the NIST software [31] based on reference [32] for the supported samples, and based on a predictive formula (TPP-2M) from reference [33] for the alloy. The IMFP in MgO was used to estimate the IMFP in the Mg(Al)O samples since calcined Mg(Al)O has an MgOlike structure.…”

Section: In Situ X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (Xps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ XPS investigation of Pt(Sn)/Mg(Al)O catalysts during ethane dehydrogenation experiments

et al. 2007

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Calcined hydrotalcite with or without added metal (Mg(Al)O, Pt/Mg(Al)O and Pt,Sn/Mg(Al)O) have been investigated with in situ X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) during ethane dehydrogenation experiments. The temperature in the analysis chamber was 450ºC and the gas pressure was in the range 0.3 -1 mbar. Depth profiling of calcined hydrotalcite and platinum catalysts under reaction, oxidation and in hydrogenwater mixture was performed by varying the photon energy, covering an analysis depth of 10-21 Å. It was observed that the Mg/Al ratio in the Mg(Al)O crystallites does not vary significantly in the analysis depth range studied. This result indicates that Mg and Al are homogeneously distributed in the Mg(Al)O crystallites. Catalytic tests have shown that the initial activity of a Pt,Sn/Mg(Al)O catalyst increases during an activation period consisting of several cycles of reduction -dehydrogenation -oxidation. The Sn/Mg ratio in a Pt,Sn/Mg(Al)O catalyst was followed during several such cycles, and was found to increase during the activation period, probably due to a process where tin spreads over the carrier material and covers an increasing fraction of the Mg(Al)O surface. The results further indicate that spreading of tin occurs under reduction conditions. A PtSn 2 alloy was studied separately. The surface of the alloy was enriched in Sn during reduction and reaction conditions at 450°C. Binding energies were determined and indicated that Sn on the particle surface is predominantly in an oxidized state under reaction conditions, while Pt and a fraction of Sn is present as a reduced Pt-Sn alloy.

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“…books [15][16][17][18], papers [19][20][21][22][23][24] and references therein). It assumes that a particle is interacting with a media via a sequence of binary encounters.…”

Section: Monte-carlo Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Refs. [19,[22][23][24] limits of applicability of such methods were extended by some improvements of the cross-sections of particle scattering which include collective effects (such as plasmon or phonon excitation). Another significant improvement of the classical binary collision theory was made in Refs.…”

Section: Monte-carlo Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of interaction of atomic electrons on ionization of an insulator in swift heavy ion tracks

Баранов

Medvedev

Волков

et al. 2012

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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a b s t r a c tEffects of applications of two different models of atomic ionizations in MC simulations describing excitation of the electronic subsystem of an insulator in tracks of swift heavy ions decelerated in the electronic stopping regime are investigated. The first mechanism is based on binary collisions of a fast projectile with atomic electrons considered as independent. The second one assumes redistribution of the energy transferred to an atom from an ion between the atomic electrons before autoionization of the excited atom. It is demonstrated that an appreciable difference occurs only in the kinetics of the most energetic electrons appeared during the ionization. This difference affects only a small fraction of the excess electronic energy in the far periphery of a track.

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Inelastic Electron Interactions in the Energy Range 50 eV to 10 keV in Insulators: Alkali Halides and Metal Oxides

Cited by 99 publications

References 54 publications

Nonthermal graphitization of diamond induced by a femtosecond x-ray laser pulse

Nonthermal graphitization of diamond induced by a femtosecond x-ray laser pulse

In situ XPS investigation of Pt(Sn)/Mg(Al)O catalysts during ethane dehydrogenation experiments

Effect of interaction of atomic electrons on ionization of an insulator in swift heavy ion tracks

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