Inequalities in lung cancer mortality by the educational level in 10 European populations

Mackenbach, Johan P.; Huisman, Martijn; Andersen, Otto; Bopp, Matthias; Borgan, Jens‐Kristian; Borrell, Carme; Costa, Giuseppe; Deboosere, Patrick; Donkin, Angela; Gadeyne, Sylvie; Minder, Christoph E.; Regidor, Enrique; Spadea, Teresa; Valkonen, Tapani; Kunst, Anton E.

doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2003.10.018

Cited by 165 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Patterns of educational differences in lung cancer mortality differ strongly by population and gender as in another work (Mackenbach et al, 2004), and is now confirmed across a broader set of populations, including France, Slovenia and the Basque region. This reflects differences in the diffusion of the smoking epidemic (Lopez et al, 1994), in which higher smoking rates are first observed among subjects of higher socioeconomic status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…This raises questions to what extent socioeconomic inequalities in total cancer mortality among women really vary between countries, to which an international comparison of educational disparities in cancer mortality could provide some answers. Previous European comparisons focused only on specific cancer sites (Mackenbach et al, 2004;Menvielle et al, 2007;Strand et al, 2007). Such an international comparison would be informative and may help in understanding ways in which cancer inequalities are related to such national factors as alcohol consumption patterns, the smoking epidemic or past social and sanitary developments.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Educational differences in cancer mortality among women and men: a gender pattern that differs across Europe

et al. 2008

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We used longitudinal mortality data sets for the 1990s to compare socioeconomic inequalities in total cancer mortality between women and men aged 30 -74 in 12 different European populations (Madrid, Basque region, Barcelona, Slovenia, Turin, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland) and to investigate which cancer sites explain the differences found. We measured socioeconomic status using educational level and computed relative indices of inequality (RII). We observed large variations within Europe for educational differences in total cancer mortality among men and women. Three patterns were observed: Denmark, Norway and Sweden (significant RII around 1.3 -1.4 among both men and women); France, Switzerland, Belgium and Finland (significant RII around 1.7 -1.8 among men and around 1.2 among women); Spanish populations, Slovenia and Turin (significant RII from 1.29 to 1.88 among men; no differences among women except in the Basque region, where RII is significantly lower than 1). Lung, upper aerodigestive tract and breast cancers explained most of the variations between gender and populations in the magnitude of inequalities in total cancer mortality. Given time trends in cancer mortality, the gap in the magnitude of socioeconomic inequalities in cancer mortality between gender and between European populations will probably decrease in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

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confidence: 99%

Educational differences in cancer mortality among women and men: a gender pattern that differs across Europe

et al. 2008

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“…Higher all-causes of mortality rates and shorter survival from certain cancer sites (i.e. prostate and lung cancer) have also been found for people of a lower SES [9,10]. Less is known, however, about the relation between SES and the process of adaptation, in terms of quality of life (QoL) after cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A prospective study on educational level and adaptation to cancer, within one year after the diagnosis, in an older population

Barbareschi¹,

Sanderman²,

Tuinstra³

et al. 2007

Psycho-Oncology

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Socio‐economic status (SES) has often been associated with health disparities and mortality in cancer patients, yet systematic research into the role of SES in the course of the disease is lacking. This prospective study intends to examine the role of SES (i.e. educational level in this study) in psychological and physical adaptation to cancer. Ninety‐nine cancer patients were followed from a community‐based survey. Pre‐ and post‐morbid data on patients' quality of life (QoL) were available. Adaptation was defined by looking at the level and pattern of scores on QoL scales from pre‐ to post‐disease assessments. Results show some non‐significant trends that more high‐educated patients managed to adapt completely to cancer in relation to role and physical functioning when compared with low‐educated participants. Furthermore, the greater part of high‐educated patients who completely adapted in physical functioning achieved this result more rapidly without an initial deterioration. Unexpectedly, these differences were not significant when tested in a regression model. Hence, although there are some indications for differences in adaptation to role and physical functioning between educational groups, we did not find any evidence that proved such a relation. For the group as a whole, it is very interesting to see that based on our operationalization of adaptation, only a small percentage of patients deteriorated from pre‐ to post‐disease assessments. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…A growing body of literature has also examined whether inequalities by socioeconomic status (SES) are uniform and to what extent they vary among countries (e.g., Valkonen 1989;Kunst and Mackenbach 1994;Sihvonen et al 1998;Kunst et al 1998;Mackenbach et al 1997Mackenbach et al , 1999Mackenbach et al , 2000Mackenbach et al , 2003Huisman et al 2005;Shkolnikov et al 2006). Several studies have revealed considerable variation in the magnitude of socioeconomic inequalities in mortality among developed countries, with inverse gradients typically larger for men than for women (Valkonen 1989;Mackenbach et al 2004;Borell et al 2005). Despite the considerable theoretical and health-policy relevance of comparative research, the evidence thus far has been based mostly on Western European countries and the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Educational differences in all-cause mortality by marital status

Kohler

Martikainen²,

Smith³

et al. 2008

DemRes

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Inequalities in lung cancer mortality by the educational level in 10 European populations

Cited by 165 publications

References 24 publications

Educational differences in cancer mortality among women and men: a gender pattern that differs across Europe

Educational differences in cancer mortality among women and men: a gender pattern that differs across Europe

A prospective study on educational level and adaptation to cancer, within one year after the diagnosis, in an older population

Educational differences in all-cause mortality by marital status

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