Inequalities in Private Tutoring of English: A Phenomenological Qualitative Study Based on Bangladeshi Higher Secondary Students

Islam, Monjurul; Hoque, S.M. Saiful; Hoque, Kazi Enamul

doi:10.46743/2160-3715/2021.4429

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The country’s education policy is focused on the necessity of nurturing students’ ability to think critically. However, private tutors’ emphasis is on rote learning and examination skills rather than on developing their critical thinking skills ( Islam et al, 2021 , p. 746). Moreover, private tutors supplied hand-notes and suggestions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shadow Education and Its Academic Effects in Bangladesh: A Vygotskian Perspective

Alam¹,

Zhi-yong

2022

Front. Psychol.

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Private tutoring is a newly emerging field of research, which remains largely under-theorized. Adopting the Vygotskian philosophy of learning as an analytical lens, this qualitative study conceptualized the academic effects of private tutoring in a Bangladeshi higher secondary educational context. The primary data were gathered from 18 semi-structured interviews with tutored students, parents, and teachers. The data from secondary sources were also collected to supplement the primary data. A thematic procedure was used to analyze the data. The analysis demonstrated two important findings. First, students internalized knowledge and skills through scaffolding by their private tutors, which eliminated their learning deficiencies and boosted their academic credentials. Second, private tutoring induced long-term deficiencies as it provided rote learning. It dulled students’ critical thinking and made them dependent on others. The paper carried significant theoretical implications by producing a unique insight into students’ learning in the shadows from a Vygotskian perspective.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shadow Education and Its Academic Effects in Bangladesh: A Vygotskian Perspective

Alam¹,

Zhi-yong

2022

Front. Psychol.

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“…Namun, upaya mewujudkan pemerataan ekonomi dalam praktik ekonomi Islam menghadapi tantangan dan kompleksitas tersendiri. Terdapat perbedaan interpretasi dan pemahaman dalam lingkungan umat Muslim terkait konsep distribusi kekayaan dalam konteks ekonomi Islam (Islam et al, 2021). Selain itu, aspek sosial, budaya, dan konteks lokal juga dapat mempengaruhi pemahaman umat Muslim terkait distribusi kekayaan dan upaya pemerataan ekonomi.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…Penelitian sebelumnya yang menggunakan pendekatan studi fenomenologi telah memberikan kontribusi penting dalam memahami fenomena sosial dan ekonomi dalam konteks budaya dan agama. Namun, dalam konteks pemahaman umat Muslim tentang distribusi kekayaan dalam ekonomi Islam, penelitian semacam ini masih terbatas dan belum sepenuhnya tergali (Islam et al, 2021;Widyawati et al, n.d.). Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisi kesenjangan pengetahuan tersebut dengan memfokuskan pada pemahaman umat Muslim tentang distribusi kekayaan dan fenomena pemerataan ekonomi.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pemahaman Umat Muslim Tentang Distribusi Kekayaan dalam Ekonomi Islam: Studi Fenomenologi Tentang Pemerataan Ekonomi

Hidayat

2023

GOSE

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This research raises a crucial issue in the context of Islamic economics, namely the understanding of Muslims on the distribution of wealth and the phenomenon of economic equity. Using a phenomenological study approach, this research seeks to gain in-depth insight into the perceptions, views and experiences of Muslims regarding this issue. Through in-depth interviews and participatory observation, qualitative data were obtained to be analyzed descriptively and thematically. The results of this study provide a deep understanding of the thoughts of Muslims towards the distribution of wealth in the Islamic economic paradigm. Within the framework of the concept of economic equity, this study explores the essential aspects that influence the perceptions of Muslims in the context of wealth distribution. The findings of this study also provide a more holistic understanding of the phenomenon of economic equity in Islamic economics. This research has significant implications in developing an understanding of the principles of wealth distribution in Islamic economics. The results of these findings can contribute to the development of more inclusive and just economic policies in Muslim societies. By considering the interests and needs of Muslims, this research encourages the efforts of the government and policy makers to promote economic equality as a strategic step in achieving better social and economic justice.

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“…It has provided the "necessary" supplement to the mainstream schooling. At the same time, it has created some negative consequences in the education system (Islam et al, 2021;Mahmud, 2019Mahmud, , 2021Hamid et al, 2018). The government imposed a regulation to curb the unauthorized private tutoring from the school and college education.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Private tutoring in Bangladesh: evolution, expansion, and policy responses

Alam¹,

Zhi-yong

2021

IJCED

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PurposeThis study explores the development trajectory of private tutoring in Bangladesh. Specifically, it illustrates how private tutoring has emerged and expanded in the country's education system and examines how governments have responded on this issue.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopted a case study methodology for this study. Data were gathered from different secondary sources such as books, official documents, scholarly articles, and newspaper reports. The data analysis process consists of three-phases of activities: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification.FindingsPrivate tutoring historically existed in Bangladesh. It is rapidly expanded in the country's education system – from primary to higher secondary level. Currently, it has reached an industrialization stage, where commercial coaching has become a major type of tutoring. The expansion of private tutoring is the inevitable result of the continued privatization and marketization of education. To bring the private tutoring under a framework, the government has taken some regulatory measures that can be characterized as “laissez-faire.” The existing measures are largely ineffective, as the policy makers followed an “top-down” approach when framing the policies.Originality/valueThis study, to the best of the authors' knowledge, is the first to target the historical aspects of private tutoring in Bangladesh. It has potential to fill out the literature gap on private tutoring by analyzing its policy aspect.

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Inequalities in Private Tutoring of English: A Phenomenological Qualitative Study Based on Bangladeshi Higher Secondary Students

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Shadow Education and Its Academic Effects in Bangladesh: A Vygotskian Perspective

Shadow Education and Its Academic Effects in Bangladesh: A Vygotskian Perspective

Pemahaman Umat Muslim Tentang Distribusi Kekayaan dalam Ekonomi Islam: Studi Fenomenologi Tentang Pemerataan Ekonomi

Private tutoring in Bangladesh: evolution, expansion, and policy responses

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