Inequalities in the Distribution of Childhood Adversity From Birth to 11 Years

O’Connor, Meredith; Slopen, Natalie; Bécares, Laia; Burgner, David; Williams, David R.; Priest, Naomi

doi:10.1016/j.acap.2019.12.004

Cited by 45 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our results suggest that vulnerable families already struggling with socio-economic disadvantage prior to the pandemic are those who suffered most during the pandemic. This is consistent with well-established evidence showing that families with pre-existing social disadvantage are much more likely to experience adversity, and have fewer resources to buffer the challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing measures (O'Connor et al, 2020). Geographic remoteness was mostly not associated with parent, child, or family functioning.…”

Section: Pre-existing and Covid-19 Related Risk Factorssupporting

confidence: 88%

Child, parent, and family mental health and functioning in Australia during COVID-19: Comparison to pre-pandemic data

Westrupp¹,

Bennett²,

Berkowitz³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The COVID-19 pandemic presents significant risks to the mental health and wellbeing of families. This study aimed to examine: (1) patterns of parent and child (0–18 years) mental health, parent substance use, couple conflict, parenting practices, and family functioning during COVID-19 compared to pre-pandemic data; and (2) associations between parent, child, and family outcomes during the pandemic and both pre-existing risk factors and COVID-19 stressors. Participants were Australian mothers (81%) and fathers aged 18 years and over who were parents of a child 0–18 years (N=2,365). Parents completed an online self-report survey assessing mental health, substance use, couple conflict, parenting, and family functioning during ‘stage three’ COVID-19 restrictions in April 2020. Data were compared to pre-pandemic data from four Australian population-based cohorts. Compared to pre-pandemic estimates, during the pandemic period parents reported higher rates of parent mental health symptoms (Cohen’s d=0.26-.81, all p<.001), higher parenting irritability (d=0.17-.46, all p<.001), lower family positive expressiveness (d=-0.18, p<.001), and higher alcohol consumption (22% vs 12% drinking four or more days per week, p<.001). In multivariable analyses, pre-existing financial deprivation and COVID-19 stressors were associated with greater severity in parent and child mental health symptoms, parent emotion dysregulation, parenting irritability, couple conflict and family positive/negative expressiveness. Parents and children with pre-existing mental health conditions had elevated difficulties during the pandemic across most domains. Our data suggest wide-ranging, detrimental family impacts associated with the COVID-19 pandemic; and support policy actions to assist families with financial supports, leave entitlements, and social housing.

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Section: Pre-existing and Covid-19 Related Risk Factorssupporting

confidence: 88%

Child, parent, and family mental health and functioning in Australia during COVID-19: Comparison to pre-pandemic data

Westrupp¹,

Bennett²,

Berkowitz³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Instead, indicators such as country of birth categories are often used as proxies. Following previous approaches (O'Connor et al, 2019;Priest et al, 2016) we derived an Indigenous status and ethnicity variable drawing on Indigenous status, country of birth ("What country were you born in?") and ancestry ("What is your ancestry?")…”

Section: Covariatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A ‘dark side’ of religion?' - Associations between religious involvement, identity and domestic violence determinants

Priest¹,

Esler²,

Ransome³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This study investigates associations between religious involvement and identity and determinants of domestic violence using nationally representative cross-sectional data from n=1287 Australian adults in the 2018 Australian Survey of Social Attitudes (AuSSA). Linear regression models were used to analyse the association of religious involvement (frequency of service attendance and prayer) and identity (religious, spiritual, or both) with determinants of domestic violence (patriarchal beliefs, failure to acknowledge domestic violence as an issue, and trust in faith leaders’ responses to domestic violence). Results showed that religious service attendance, frequency of prayer, and spiritual/religious identity were associated with more patriarchal beliefs about gender roles. There was no evidence that religious involvement or identity were associated with failure to acknowledge domestic violence as a national issue. In contrast, frequent (but not infrequent) religious involvement and religious identity were associated with failure to acknowledge domestic violence in participants’ own faith communities. Addressing patriarchal beliefs and acknowledgement of domestic violence within faith communities among those who regularly attend services, pray and identify as religious, are key targets for action to address domestic violence and improve population health.

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“…The studies by Elmore and colleagues, 4 O'Connor, 5 and Russell 6 expand our ability to identify the many at risk. The studies from 3 different well-resourced nations demonstrate the numerous ways in which children across the globe are exposed to risks, both internal and external to the family unit.…”

Section: T a G G E D P In A Landmark Study Felitti Et Al Found 10 Adversementioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Childhood Experience and Social Risk: Pediatric Practice and Potential

Conn

Szilagyi

Forkey

2020

Academic Pediatrics

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Inequalities in the Distribution of Childhood Adversity From Birth to 11 Years

Cited by 45 publications

References 31 publications

Child, parent, and family mental health and functioning in Australia during COVID-19: Comparison to pre-pandemic data

Child, parent, and family mental health and functioning in Australia during COVID-19: Comparison to pre-pandemic data

A ‘dark side’ of religion?' - Associations between religious involvement, identity and domestic violence determinants

Adverse Childhood Experience and Social Risk: Pediatric Practice and Potential

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