Inequalities in the long‐term impact of the economic recession on preventive healthcare use and health‐related lifestyle in Spain (2006–2017)

García‐Mayor, Jesús; Moreno‐Llamas, Antonio; Cruz‐Sánchez, Ernesto De la

doi:10.1111/hsc.13067

Cited by 10 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Inequalities were operationalised in terms of education, income/wealth, social class, or job type. Low SEP individuals consistently had greater decreases in fruit and vegetable intake [46,54,55,58,60,65,70] while patterns of meat and fish consumption were less clear but generally suggestive of inequalities [30,58,65,69]. Results were more mixed for fast food consumption [36,60].…”

Section: Inequalitiesmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Thirty-four studies reported on food intake, generally located in high and middle income countries [30-37, 39, 41, 42, 45-47, 49-52, 54-62, 64-70]. The most common outcome was consumption of a food group or an amount of food as a binary outcome per day/ week [37,41,55,56,58,59,65,69,70]. Other commonly used outcome measures included expenditure or frequency of consumption in a specified time period [33,36,45,47,52,54,60,61,[66][67][68] or share of calories or calorie intake from food groups [31,32,39,49,51,52].…”

Section: Food Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…One UK study found a 7.8% decrease in share of calories from vegetables [51] while another UK study found a small increase in portions of vegetables eaten per day in the UK [47]. A study in Spain found that the odds of eating vegetables daily increased between 2006 and 2012 [70]. In Pakistan, expenditure on vegetables increased slightly, but less than wheat and rice expenditure [34].…”

Section: Food Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twelve studies examined the Great Recession's impact on consumption of sugary products such as desserts and confectionary (Additional File 4 A9); eight reported decreases [33,52,57,58,[66][67][68]70], two reported increases [51,69], and two reported no significant change [60,65]. Calories from confectionary, soft drinks, sugary products, and preserves consumed in and out of the home decreased in one UK study [52].…”

Section: Food Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, another UK study by the same authors found that share of calories from prepared sweets increased [51]. Eight high quality studies examined the impact of the Great Recession on non-alcoholic beverage consumption (Additional File 4 A10), primarily concerning soft drinks and fruit juice [33,39,51,60,61,66,67,70]. All reported decreases in consumption of beverages, although for two this decrease was not significant.…”

Section: Food Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of the 2008 Great Recession on dietary intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Jenkins

Vámos

Taylor‐Robinson

et al. 2021

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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Background The 2008 Great Recession significantly impacted economies and individuals globally, with potential impacts on food systems and dietary intake. We systematically reviewed evidence on the impact of the Great Recession on individuals’ dietary intake globally and whether disadvantaged individuals were disproportionately affected. Methods We searched seven databases and relevant grey literature through June 2020. Longitudinal quantitative studies with the 2008 recession as the exposure and any measure of dietary intake (energy intake, dietary quality, and food/macronutrient consumption) as the outcome were eligible for inclusion. Eligibility was independently assessed by two reviewers. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used for quality and risk of bias assessment. We undertook a random effects meta-analysis for changes in energy intake. Harvest plots were used to display and summarise study results for other outcomes. The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019135864). Results Forty-one studies including 2.6 million people met our inclusion criteria and were heterogenous in both methods and results. Ten studies reported energy intake, 11 dietary quality, 34 food intake, and 13 macronutrient consumption. The Great Recession was associated with a mean reduction of 103.0 cal per adult equivalent per day (95% Confidence Interval: − 132.1, − 73.9) in high-income countries (5 studies) and an increase of 105.5 cal per adult per day (95% Confidence Interval: 72.8, 138.2) in middle-income countries (2 studies) following random effects meta-analysis. We found reductions in fruit and vegetable intake. We also found reductions in intake of fast food, sugary products, and soft drinks. Impacts on macronutrients and dietary quality were inconclusive, though suggestive of a decrease in dietary quality. The Great Recession had greater impacts on dietary intake for disadvantaged individuals. Conclusions The 2008 recession was associated with diverse impacts on diets. Calorie intake decreased in high income countries but increased in middle income countries. Fruit and vegetable consumption reduced, especially for more disadvantaged individuals, which may negatively affect health. Fast food, sugary products, and soft drink consumption also decreased which may confer health benefits. Implementing effective policies to mitigate adverse nutritional changes and encourage positive changes during the COVID-19 pandemic and other major economic shocks should be prioritised.

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