Inequality and energy: Revisiting the relationship between disparity of income distribution and energy use from a complex systems perspective

Khan, Fouad; Heinecker, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.erss.2018.03.026

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The link between energy and inequality has been proposed before [43][44][45][46], but this paper makes two new contributions. First, I explicitly link energy and inequality through social hierarchy.…”

Section: Energy Hierarchy and Inequality: The Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Energy, Hierarchy and the Origin of Inequality

Fix¹

2018

Preprint

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Where should we look to understand the origin of inequality? I propose an unusual window of evidence --- modern societies. I hypothesize that evidence for the origin of inequality is encoded in the institutional structure of industrial societies. To test this idea, I use a model to project modern trends into the past. This model takes the modern relation between energy, hierarchy, and inequality and creates a hindcast of the origin of inequality. The results are broadly consistent with the available evidence. The model predicts an explosion of inequality with the transition from hunter-gathering to agriculture, followed by a plateau. This finding potentially opens a new window of evidence into the origin of inequality.

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Section: Energy Hierarchy and Inequality: The Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Energy, Hierarchy and the Origin of Inequality

Fix¹

2018

Preprint

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“…After a while, energy demand emerged as a new dimension. The economic literature has also discussed the determinants of energy consumption for increasing social and economic inequality, urbanization, and industrialization (Lenzen et al 2014;Omri and Nguyen 2014;Zhao et al 2016;Khan and Heinecker 2018;Shahbaz et al 2019). Afterward, energy consumption has further been divided into renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption.…”

Section: Determinants Of Energy Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of shadow economy on renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption in Pakistan: evidence from quantile cointegration and causality analysis

Ahad

Imran

Aftab

2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The objective of this study is to identify the impact of the shadow economy on renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption at aggregated and disaggregated levels over the period of 1972Q1-2018Q4 in Pakistan. This study carries nonlinear/asymmetric time series analysis such as quantile unit root test for stationary of data series, newly developed quantile cointegration (Xiao, J. Econom. 150:248-260, 2009) for existence of long-run relationships and novel quantile causality approach (Troster, Econom. Rev. 37, 850-866, 2018) are used to identify direction of causality over the quantiles. The results confirm that quantiles of shadow economy cointegrate with the quantiles of energy consumption at aggregated and disaggregated levels. The results of quantile regression show that a shadow economy has a positive and significant impact on renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption at aggregated and disaggregated levels in all quantiles starting from extreme low quantiles to extreme high quantiles. Furthermore, the results of quantile causality illustrate a unidirectional causality running from underground economy to fluctuations in renewable, nonrenewable, and total energy consumption. More specifically, disaggregated energy consumptions such as oil, gas, nuclear, hydro, and gas are also caused by shadow economy, generally in low and high tails/quantiles.

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“…Hübler (2017) further found that higher inequality is associated with reduced per capita CO 2 emissions and energy intensity. Khan & Heinecker (2018) showed that disparity affects energy consumption efficiency in a diametrically different manner in cities and nation states leading to a higher urban carbon footprint while increasing energy efficiency nationally. Jorgenson et al (2017) analyzed United States statelevel CO 2 emission and the income share of the top 10% as well as the Gini coefficient between 1997 and 2012.…”

Section: Selection Of Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multicriteria Assessment Approach to the Energy Trilemma

Pliousis¹,

Andriosopoulos²,

Doumpos³

et al. 2019

The Energy Journal

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The concept of the energy trilemma provides a framework for supporting energy policy decisions based on three main dimensions, namely energy security, environmental sustainability, and energy equity. Contrary to models that focus on providing policy guidelines solely based on normative grounds, energy trilemma adopts a descriptive perspective that emphasizes the need to monitor and assess the observed results of energies policies and of all externalities that affect the status of a country and the challenges that it faces regarding energy planning. Building on the grounds of the energy trilemma concept, the objective of this study is to introduce a comprehensive framework and an evaluation process for operationalizing the assessment of the counties' performance from the energy trilemma point of view. To this end, first we describe the context of each of the main energy trilemma dimensions and suggest relevant indicators for each of them. We view energy security focusing on energy dependence and resilience, energy sustainability is considered in the context of energy use, energy efficiency, and environmental impacts, whereas energy equity is analyzed from the perspective of income availability and energy poverty. Moreover, we enhance the trilemma concept with a fourth dimension to account for the contextual environment of the countries, which is described in terms of their economic development, policy regulations, and innovations in energy and environmental technologies. This framework is operationalized through the consideration of 20 indicators using data from the World Bank and the OECD. The selected indicators provide a "bottom line" view for the context of each dimension regarding the current status of the countries, their existing strengths and weaknesses, as well as the challenges that they face, incorporating information for both the outcomes of policy decisions as well as external (uncontrollable) factors. The aggregation of the indicators provides composite indicators for each one of the four dimensions describe above, as well as an overall assessment. The construction of these composite evaluations is performed using a multicriteria approach, which is based on principles from efficiency measurement.

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Inequality and energy: Revisiting the relationship between disparity of income distribution and energy use from a complex systems perspective

Cited by 16 publications

References 41 publications

Energy, Hierarchy and the Origin of Inequality

Energy, Hierarchy and the Origin of Inequality

Impact of shadow economy on renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption in Pakistan: evidence from quantile cointegration and causality analysis

A Multicriteria Assessment Approach to the Energy Trilemma

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