Inequality and Institutions in 20th Century America

Levy, Frank; Temin, Peter

doi:10.2139/ssrn.984330

Cited by 77 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…There is a fractal quality in the increase in inequality (a term that is also due to Krugman) in that the higher individuals are in the distribution, the more their income has increased: the The same picture is corroborated by the data and historical analysis for the USA presented in Levy and Temin (2007). Figure 1 Levy and Temin (2007, Fig. 1).…”

Section: Income Distributionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The broad picture seems to be that inequality fell in the first few decades after World War II from its high pre-war levels (what has been termed the 'great compression', see Krugman, 2007, for references and discussion), but seems to be rising lately. There is a fractal quality in the increase in inequality (a term that is also due to Krugman) in that the higher individuals are in the distribution, the more their income has increased: the The same picture is corroborated by the data and historical analysis for the USA presented in Levy and Temin (2007). Figure 1 Levy and Temin (2007, Fig.…”

Section: Income Distributionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…7 in Dew-Becker and Gordon (2005). As that study shows, explanations for this rise in inequality vary, from attribution to globalization and immigration, to skills-biased technical progress (Autor et al, 2008), to a shift in institutions such as policies and the more general political climate that has changed considerably in the USA since about 1980 (Levy and Temin, 2007; echoed in more public discourse, e.g. Krugman, 2007).…”

Section: Income Distributionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Status in a Canonical Macro Model: Labour Supply, Growth and Inequality*

Tsoukis

Tournemaine

2012

The Manchester School

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We introduce status in the most standard (canonical) macro model that is able to provide an analysis of growth and distribution. We consider the question of whether status considerations enable the model to meet some important empirical findings (which we review) related to rising labour supply (the work-life balance), rising income inequality, and changing factor shares. We find a promising role for status in the explanation of these empirical regularities.

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Section: Income Distributionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Income Distributionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Income Distributionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Status in a Canonical Macro Model: Labour Supply, Growth and Inequality*

Tsoukis

Tournemaine

2012

The Manchester School

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“…Reagan's ideologues accomplished quite a lot, if less than they sometimes realized. In fiscal policy alone, they provided the rationale for a significant shift in personal income taxation, which both promoted and justified subsequent increases in income inequality (Levy and Temin ). The American welfare state was hardly overturned as a result, but the anti‐Statism of the 1980s motivated and legitimated a dramatic decline of taxes levied on high earners and a move toward deregulation that increased the importance of the market in the coordination of diverse industrial sectors.…”

Section: Ideology and Ideologues: Fdr To Reaganmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ideology and Ideologues in the Modern Presidency

Langston

2012

Pres Stud Q

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denying that the New Deal was "attempting to commit the nation to any ism or ideology except democracy, humanity and the civil liberties which form their foundations."America's presidents are right to wish to ward off ideology, but they protest too much about its absence, for ideological battles have been plainly important in recent presidential politics. Obama may not be an ideologue, but his attempt to transcend ideology, proclaimed in his Inaugural Address, was merely an inducement to a starkly ideological, and highly successful, reaction to the leadership initiatives of his first two years. As a result of the "asymmetric polarization" between the major parties, the Republicans, led by a new generation of assertive House members, has moved closer than ever before toward ideological purity (Kabaservice 2012, 3385-88; Mann and Ornstein 2012, xi, 8-15, 51-58). In his predecessor's presidency, ideological battle was waged within the administration, where the "unrestrained ideological entrepreneurship" (Campbell 2004, 13) of a clique of neoconservatives (neocons) helped propel the nation to a discretionary war in Iraq (Halper and Clarke 2004). Finally, going back to the 1980s, ideological credentials were prized by the Reagan administration in making administrative and judicial appointments (Aberbach et al. 1990;Langston 1992;O'Brien 1988;Weatherford and McDonnell 1990), and the president's own beliefs and behavior inspired debate over the extent to which Ronald Reagan was himself an ideologue (Hantz 1996;Langston 1992;Shimko 1992).Despite considerable scholarship on ideology and modern American politics, little is known about how such moments of ideological intensity and conflict might relate to one another, about what happens, that is, at the intersection of ideology, ideologues, and the modern presidency. This article seeks to explore this point of intersection. I proceed first with definitions and conceptual clarifications, identifying strengths and weaknesses in conventional usages of the terms "ideology" and "ideologue." A functional analysis comes next, to uncover the numerous ways in which ideology and ideologues might be expected to influence the modern presidency. Ideology, understood as a distortion of ideas and a distinct cognitive style, turns out to have a place in the presidency at the juncture of crisis, the institutional environment of the presidency, presidential personality, and regime characteristics. Because each of these factors is complex and, to a large degree, independent, ideological influence in the presidency is episodic, following no simple pattern, as will become apparent in a selective narrative of ideological influence in the presidency from Roosevelt to Obama. Ideology's quintessential elusiveness, I argue in conclusion, reflects and sheds light on the contingent dynamics of the presidency.

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“…O mande de main-d'oeuvre qualifiée et du rendement des qualifications sur la répartition des revenus. Depuis les années quatre-vingt-dix, des études théoriques et empiriques, souvent centrées sur les Etats-Unis, ont mis en évidence l'importance des déterminants technologiques sur l'évolution des inégalités de rémunération (Levy et Temin, 2007;Glaeser, 2005;Pianta, 2003;Slottje et Raj, 1998;Levy et Murnane, 1992;Katz et Murphy, 1992). Acemoglu (1998Acemoglu ( et 2005, parmi bien d'autres, a clairement expliqué pourquoi cette répartition est affectée par le progrès technique.…”

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Progrès technique et répartition des revenus en Europe

Perugini¹,

Pompei²

2009

Revue Int du Travail

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Résumé. Les auteurs apportent des éléments empiriques montrant le lien entre progrès technique et inégalités de revenu dans quatorze pays d'Europe. Ils testent l'hypothèse du changement technique favorisant les qualifications dans des secteurs ayant différentes densités en technologie et montrent la complémentarité entre progrès technique et qualifications. Ils en viennent ensuite à rechercher si l'évolution de la demande de travail qualifié est un déterminant des inégalités et observent dans cinq secteurs sur huit une relation non linéaire, suivant une courbe en U inversé, pouvant s'expliquer par le comblement dans le temps du décalage entre demande et offre de main‐d'œuvre qualifiée.

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Inequality and Institutions in 20th Century America

Cited by 77 publications

References 47 publications

Status in a Canonical Macro Model: Labour Supply, Growth and Inequality*

Status in a Canonical Macro Model: Labour Supply, Growth and Inequality*

Ideology and Ideologues in the Modern Presidency

Progrès technique et répartition des revenus en Europe

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