Inequality and the Politics of Social Policy Implementation: Gender, Age and Chile’s 2004 Health Reforms

Ewig, Christina; Palmucci, Gastón A.

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.05.033

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Women's unequal access to income and information affects their ability to pay for the cost of sexual and reproductive health services and to negotiate the use of contraceptives. 129 Norms of masculinity may place men at higher risk of poor sexual health outcomes associated with having more sexual partners, being more likely to have sex under the influence of drugs or alcohol, and being less likely to seek information and care. 130…”

Section: 7: Universal Access To Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender equality and gender norms: framing the opportunities for health

et al. 2019

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The Sustainable Development Goals offer the global health community a strategic opportunity to promote human rights, advance gender equality, and achieve health for all. The inability of the health sector to accelerate progress on a range of health outcomes brings into sharp focus the significant impact of gender inequalities and restrictive gender norms on health risks and behaviours. In this paper we draw on evidence from the Series on Gender Equality, Norms and Health to dispel three myths on gender and health and describe persistent barriers to progress. We propose an agenda for action to reduce gender inequality and shift gender norms for improved health outcomes, calling on leaders in national governments, global health institutions, civil society organisations, academia, and the corporate sector to 1) focus on health outcomes and engage actors across sectors to achieve them; 2) reform the workplace and workforce to be more gender equitable; 3) fill gaps in data and eliminate gender bias in research; 4) fund civil society actors and social movements; and 5) strengthen accountability mechanisms. Paper 5 Lancet Series on Gender Equality, Norms and Health Key Messages of the Series • Gender norms and inequalities affect health outcomes for girls and women, boys and men, and gender minorities.

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Section: 7: Universal Access To Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender equality and gender norms: framing the opportunities for health

et al. 2019

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“…These analyses have provided valuable insights into policy-making processes in Latin America and shed important light on how policy shifts have occurred over the past few decades. Yet only a few studies have paid much attention to the gendered dynamics of these processes (Ewig, 2010;Ewig and Palmucci, 2012). As Ewig…”

Section: Policy Legacies and The Development Of Health Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is hindering progress? The marginalization of women's sexual and reproductive health and rights in Brazil and Chile

Gideon

Leite

Minte

2015

J. int. comp. soc. policy

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The paper draws on the cases of Brazil and Chile to consider the lack of progress towards securing better health outcomes for women in the field of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). At first glance, these poor outcomes for women appear surprising, given that both countries represent middle-income countries where significant developments have occurred towards ensuring universal access to healthcare services. Yet, a more nuanced analysis uncovers the historically constructed gender regimes and policy legacies within relevant institutions that act to limit progress. The discussion in the paper specifically focuses on the evolution of the health sector in the two countries, the role of the medical profession and the influence of the Catholic Church, which, we argue, have been key to constraining women's SRHR in Brazil and Chile.

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“…Despite a general trend of economic growth and health improvements during recent decades, significant income and health inequalities persist (Ewig & Palmucci, 2012; Lopez & Miller, 2008). Parallel to this, studies suggest that levels of trust in others and government have substantially declined during recent decades (Gfk, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social capital, mental health and biomarkers in Chile: Assessing the effects of social capital in a middle-income country

Riumallo-Herl

Kawachi

Avendaño

2014

Social Science & Medicine

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In high-income countries, higher social capital is associated with better health. However, there is little evidence of this association in low- and middle-income countries. We examine the association between social capital (social support and trust) and both self-rated and biologically assessed health outcomes in Chile, a middle-income country that experienced a major political transformation and welfare state expansion in the last two decades. Based on data from the Chilean National Health Survey (2009–10), we modeled self-rated health, depression, measured diabetes and hypertension as a function of social capital indicators, controlling for socio-economic status and health behavior. We used an instrumental variable approach to examine whether social capital was causally associated with health. We find that correlations between social capital and health observed in high-income countries are also observed in Chile. All social capital indicators are significantly associated with depression at all ages, and at least one social capital indicator is associated with self-rated health, hypertension and diabetes at ages 45 and above. Instrumental variable models suggest that associations for depression may reflect a causal effect from social capital indicators on mental well-being. Using aggregate social capital as instrument, we also find evidence that social capital may be causally associated with hypertension and diabetes, early markers of cardiovascular risk. Our findings highlight the potential role of social capital in the prevention of depression and early cardiovascular disease in middle-income countries.

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Inequality and the Politics of Social Policy Implementation: Gender, Age and Chile’s 2004 Health Reforms

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Gender equality and gender norms: framing the opportunities for health

Gender equality and gender norms: framing the opportunities for health

What is hindering progress? The marginalization of women's sexual and reproductive health and rights in Brazil and Chile

Social capital, mental health and biomarkers in Chile: Assessing the effects of social capital in a middle-income country

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