Inertial modes of an Earth model with a compressible fluid core and elastic mantle and inner core

Changes in the Earth’s rotation are deeply connected to fluid dynamical processes in the outer core. This connection can be explored by studying the associated Earth eigenmodes with periods ranging from nearly diurnal to multi-decadal. It is essential to understand how the rotational and fluid core eigenmodes mutually interact, as well as their dependence on a host of diverse factors, such as magnetic effects, density stratification, fluid instabilities or turbulence. It is feasible to build detailed models including many of these features, and doing so will in turn allow us to extract more (indirect) information about the Earth’s interior. In this article, we present a review of some of the current models, the numerical techniques, their advantages and limitations and the challenges on the road ahead.

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Core Eigenmodes and their Impact on the Earth’s Rotation

Triana

Dumberry

Cébron

et al. 2021

Surv Geophys

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Seyed-Mahmoud

2022

Surv Geophys

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Spectral-infinite-element simulations of seismic wave propagation in self-gravitating, rotating 3-D Earth models

Gharti,

Eaton,

Tromp

2023

Geophysical Journal International

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Summary Although observation of gravity perturbations induced by earthquakes is possible, simulation of seismic wave propagation in a self-gravitating, rotating Earth model with 3D heterogeneity is challenging due to the numerical complexities associated with the unbounded Poisson/Laplace equation that governs gravity perturbations. Therefore, gravity perturbations are generally omitted, and only the background gravity is taken into account using the so-called Cowling approximation. However, gravity perturbations may be significant for large earthquakes (Mw ≥ 6.0) and long-period responses. In this study, we develop a time-domain solver based on the spectral-infinite-element approach, which combines the spectral-element method inside the Earth domain with a mapped-infinite-element method in the infinite space outside. This combination allows us to solve the complete, coupled momentum-gravitational equations in a fully discretized domain while accommodating complex 3D Earth models. We compute displacement and gravity perturbations considering various Earth models, including PREM and S40RTS and conduct comprehensive benchmarks of our method against the spherical harmonics normal-mode approach and the direct radial integration method. Our 3D simulations accommodate topography, bathymetry, rotation, ellipticity, and oceans. Results show that our technique is accurate and stable for long simulations. Our method provides a new scope for incorporating earthquake-induced gravity perturbations into source and adjoint tomographic inversions.

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Inertial modes of an Earth model with a compressible fluid core and elastic mantle and inner core

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Core Eigenmodes and their Impact on the Earth’s Rotation

Core Eigenmodes and their Impact on the Earth’s Rotation

Comments on “Core Eigenmodes and Their Impact on the Earth’s Rotation”

Spectral-infinite-element simulations of seismic wave propagation in self-gravitating, rotating 3-D Earth models

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