Inertially confined fusion plasmas dominated by alpha-particle self-heating

Hurricane, O. A.; Callahan, D. A.; Casey, D. T.; Dewald, E. L.; Dittrich, Thomas; Döppner, T.; Haan, S. W.; Hinkel, D. E.; Hopkins, L. F. Berzak; Jones, O.; Kritcher, A. L.; Pape, S. Le; Ma, T.; MacPhee, A. G.; Milovich, J. L.; Moody, J. D.; Pak, A.; Park, H.-S.; Patel, P. K.; Ralph, J. E.; Robey, H. F.; Ross, J. S.; Salmonson, J. D.; Spears, B. K.; Springer, P. T.; Tommasini, R.; Albert, F.; Benedetti, L. R.; Bionta, R. M.; Bond, E.; Bradley, D. K.; Caggiano, J. A.; Celliers, P. M.; Cerjan, C.; Church, Jennifer; Dylla‐Spears, Rebecca; Edgell, D. H.; Edwards, M. J.; Fittinghoff, D. N.; Garcia, M.; Hamza, A. V.; Hatarik, R.; Herrmann, H. W.; Hohenberger, M.; Hoover, D.; Kline, J. L.; Kyrala, G. A.; Kozioziemski, B.; Grim, G.; Field, J. E.; Frenje, J. A.; Izumi, N.; Johnson, M. Gatu; Khan, S. F.; Knauer, J. P.; Kohut, T.; Landen, O. L.; Merrill, F. E.; Michel, P.; Moore, A. S.; Nagel, S. R.; Nikroo, A.; Parham, T.; Rygg, J. R.; Sayre, D. B.; Schneider, M. B.; Shaughnessy, D. A.; Strozzi, D. J.; Town, R. P. J.; Turnbull, D.; Volegov, P. L.; Wan, A.; Widmann, K.; Wilde, C. H.; Yeamans, C. B.

doi:10.1038/nphys3720

Cited by 170 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, the charged quantum matter in astrophysical systems such as planet cores and white dwarf atmospheres [4,5] is at temperatures way above the ground state, as are inertial confinement fusion targets [6][7][8], laser-excited solids [9], and pressure induced modifications of solids, such as insulator-metal transitions [10,11]. This unusual regime, in which strong ionic correlations coexist with electronic quantum effects and partial ionization, has been termed "warm dense matter" and is one of the most active frontiers in plasma physics and materials science.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ab InitioQuantum Monte Carlo Simulation of the Warm Dense Electron Gas in the Thermodynamic Limit

et al. 2016

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We perform ab initio quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations of the warm dense uniform electron gas in the thermodynamic limit. By combining QMC data with linear response theory we are able to remove finite-size errors from the potential energy over the entire warm dense regime, overcoming the deficiencies of the existing finite-size corrections by Brown et al. [PRL 110, 146405 (2013)]. Extensive new QMC results for up to N = 1000 electrons enable us to compute the potential energy V and the exchange-correlation free energy Fxc of the macroscopic electron gas with an unprecedented accuracy of |∆V |/|V |, |∆Fxc|/|F |xc ∼ 10 −3 . A comparison of our new data to the recent parametrization of Fxc by Karasiev et al. [PRL 112, 076403 (2014)] reveals significant deviations to the latter.The uniform electron gas (UEG), consisting of electrons on a uniform neutralizing background, is one of the most important model systems in physics [1]. Besides being a simple model for metals, the UEG has been central to the development of linear response theory and more sophisticated perturbative treatments of solids, the formulation of the concepts of quasiparticles and elementary excitations, and the remarkable successes of density functional theory.The practical application of ground-state density functional theory in condensed matter physics, chemistry and materials science rests on a reliable parametrization of the exchange-correlation energy of the UEG [2], which in turn is based on accurate quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulation data [3]. However, the charged quantum matter in astrophysical systems such as planet cores and white dwarf atmospheres [4,5] is at temperatures way above the ground state, as are inertial confinement fusion targets [6][7][8], laser-excited solids [9], and pressure induced modifications of solids, such as insulator-metal transitions [10,11]. This unusual regime, in which strong ionic correlations coexist with electronic quantum effects and partial ionization, has been termed "warm dense matter" and is one of the most active frontiers in plasma physics and materials science.The warm dense regime is characterized by the existence of two comparable length scales and two comparable energy scales. The length scales are the mean interparticle distance,r, and the Bohr radius, a 0 ; the energy scales are the thermal energy, k B T , and the electronic Fermi energy, E F . The dimensionless parameters [12] r s =r/a 0 and Θ = k B T /E F are of order unity. Because Θ ∼ 1, the use of ground-state density functional theory is inappropriate and extensions to finite T are indispensible; these require accurate exchange-correlation functionals for finite temperatures [13][14][15][16][17]. Because neither r s nor Θ is small, there are no small parameters, and weakcoupling expansions beyond Hartree-Fock such as the Montroll-Ward (MW) and e 4 (e4) approximations [18,19], as well as linear response theory within the random- phase approximation (RPA) break down [20,21]. Finite-T Singwi-Tosi-Land-Sjölander (STLS) [22,23] local-fiel...

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Ab InitioQuantum Monte Carlo Simulation of the Warm Dense Electron Gas in the Thermodynamic Limit

et al. 2016

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“…To this end, we have developed a 3D dynamic implosion model to assess the impacts of low-mode asymmetry and 'loss-of-confinement' [11] on performance (due to low ρr regions in an imploding shell), as well as increased radiative loss due to impurities that are injected or mixed into the hotspot. The model is designed for speed (a few minutes runtime on a laptop) and flexibility, and accounts for the known processes of alpha heating, radiative loss, conduction and mass ablation into the hotspot, as well as the cold fuel stagnation and flow due to shape errors and mistiming of the stagnating elements.…”

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confidence: 99%

A 3D dynamic model to assess the impacts of low-mode asymmetry, aneurysms and mix-induced radiative loss on capsule performance across inertial confinement fusion platforms

et al. 2018

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“…However, recently there has emerged a growing interest in matter under extreme conditions, i.e., at high density and temperature, which occurs in astrophysical objects such as brown dwarfs and planet interiors [48,49]. Furthermore, similar conditions are now routinely realized in experiments with laser excited solids [50] or inertial confinement fusion targets [51][52][53][54]. This 'warm dense matter' (WDM) regime is characterized by two parameters being of the order of unity [55]: (i) the Wigner-Seitz radius r s = r/a B and (ii) the reduced temperature θ = k B T /E F , where r, a B and E F denote the mean inter particle dis-tance, Bohr radius and Fermi energy [56], respectively.…”

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Permutation-blocking path-integral Monte Carlo approach to the static density response of the warm dense electron gas

et al. 2017

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The static density response of the uniform electron gas is of fundamental importance for numerous applications. Here, we employ the recently developed ab initio permutation blocking path integral Monte Carlo (PB-PIMC) technique [T. Dornheim et al., New J. Phys. 17, 073017 (2015)] to carry out extensive simulations of the harmonically perturbed electron gas at warm dense matter conditions. In particular, we investigate in detail the validity of linear response theory and demonstrate that PB-PIMC allows to obtain highly accurate results for the static density response function and, thus, the static local field correction. A comparison with dielectric approximations to our new ab initio data reveals the need for an exact treatment of correlations. Finally, we consider a superposition of multiple perturbations and discuss the implications for the calculation of the static response function.

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Inertially confined fusion plasmas dominated by alpha-particle self-heating

Cited by 170 publications

References 37 publications

Ab InitioQuantum Monte Carlo Simulation of the Warm Dense Electron Gas in the Thermodynamic Limit

Ab InitioQuantum Monte Carlo Simulation of the Warm Dense Electron Gas in the Thermodynamic Limit

A 3D dynamic model to assess the impacts of low-mode asymmetry, aneurysms and mix-induced radiative loss on capsule performance across inertial confinement fusion platforms

Permutation-blocking path-integral Monte Carlo approach to the static density response of the warm dense electron gas

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