Infant and young child feeding patterns in Kuwait: results of a cross-sectional survey

Carballo, Manuel; Khatoon, Noureen; Maclean, Elizabeth Catherine; Al‐Hamad, Nawal; Mohammad, Anwar; Al-Wotayan, Rehab; Abraham, Smitha

doi:10.1017/s1368980017001094

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These breastfeeding recommendations are consistent with Islamic teaching, explaining the high breastfeeding initiation rates in Muslim countries such as the United Arab Emirates (98%), Qatar (97.9%), Lebanon (95.4%), Jordan (95%), and Kuwait (98.1%) . In Iran, initiation of breastfeeding is near universal (97.4%) and nearly nine in every 10 children are breastfed for 12 months and beyond .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…rates in Muslim countries such as the United Arab Emirates (98%), 4 Qatar (97.9%), 5 Lebanon (95.4%), 6 Jordan (95%), 7 and Kuwait (98.1%). 8 In Iran, initiation of breastfeeding is near universal (97.4%) 9 and nearly nine in every 10 children are breastfed for 12 months and beyond. 10 Nevertheless, the proportion of infants exclusively breastfed to 6 months of age falls short of recommended levels.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Determinants of in‐hospital feeding practices in Shiraz, Iran: Results of a prospective cohort study

Zarshenas

Zhao

Binns

et al. 2018

Birth

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Although four out of the five hospitals were designated as Baby-Friendly, several of the 10 Steps to Successful Breastfeeding were not adhered to. The high rate of cesarean delivery was a barrier to the early initiation of breastfeeding and the majority of infants did not experience early skin-to-skin contact. Maternity care practices should be reviewed and include a clear breastfeeding care plan for women who undergo a cesarean delivery.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of in‐hospital feeding practices in Shiraz, Iran: Results of a prospective cohort study

Zarshenas

Zhao

Binns

et al. 2018

Birth

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“…In Kuwait, as in other oil-rich Arab states in the Middle East, there is a lack of data on IYCF, and the global estimates of IYCF indicators in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region usually do not include data from these countries or include data from the Gulf Family Health Survey that was conducted more than a decade ago. The few reports that have published on IYCF practices in Kuwait (20) did not follow WHO IYCF indicators, hampering global comparison.…”

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confidence: 99%

WHO infant and young child feeding indicators in relation to anthropometric measurements

Al-Taiar

Alqaoud

Hammoud

et al. 2020

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective:This study aimed to report the WHO infant and young child feeding (IYCF) indicators from Kuwait and to investigate the associations between these indicators and anthropometric measurements.Design:The Kuwait Nutritional Surveillance System uses observational cross-sectional approach to collects data by face-to-face interviews with mothers or child guardians using a structured questionnaire that was developed based on the WHO IYCF indicators. The weight and height of infants and young children were measured using digital scales in a standardised manner.Setting:Vaccination centres in all governorates (provinces) of Kuwait.Participants:Infants and young Kuwaiti children aged 0–23 months (N 5839).Results:The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and age-appropriate breastfeeding were 8·0 and 7·4 %, respectively. The prevalence of stunting and wasting was 7·5 and 2·4 %, respectively, while the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 6·5 and 1·6 %, respectively. In the multivariable analysis, exclusive breastfeeding and age-appropriate breastfeeding were more common in children with stunted growth (AOR 1·71 (95 % CI 1·08, 2·70; P = 0·021) and 1·44 (95 % CI 1·01, 2·06; P = 0·046), respectively). The introduction of solid/semisolid or soft foods was inversely associated with stunting (AOR 0·52; 95 % CI 0·30, 0·90; P = 0·021). Only age-appropriate breastfeeding was inversely associated with overweight (AOR 0·62; 95 % CI 0·39, 0·98; P = 0·043).Conclusion:Our findings showed that indicators of breastfeeding are low in Kuwait. Our findings suggest that the associations between different WHO IYCF indicators and stunting as well as overweight is complex, which highlights the need for a better understanding of WHO IYCF indicators in both low- and high-income countries.

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“…The lowest rates of ever breastfed were reported from Oman (47%) [ 29 ]. Over time, an increasing trend in ever breastfed prevalence was noticed in Lebanon [ 4 , 30 , 31 ], Egypt [ 26 , 27 , 28 ] and Kuwait [ 32 , 33 , 34 ] ( Table S1 ). As for Afghanistan, Bahrain, Djibouti, Palestine, Somalia and Syrian Arab Republic, no data was reported concerning ever breastfed prevalence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lowest rates were reported from Qatar (25.6%) [ 20 ], Iraq (26.1%) [ 51 ] and Libya (26.5%) [ 18 ]. An estimate mixed milk feeding prevalence ranged between 29% and 56% was reported among Lebanon (29.3%) [ 4 , 30 , 31 , 63 ], Morocco (39.4%) [ 68 ], Palestine (41%) [ 78 ], Saudi Arabia (42.3%) [ 80 , 82 ], Jordan (43%) [ 56 ], United Arab Emirates (48%) [ 16 ], Kuwait (50.4%) [ 32 , 34 , 60 ] and Egypt (55.9%) [ 27 , 40 , 41 ]. As for the remaining countries: Afghanistan, Bahrain, Djibouti, Oman, Pakistan, Somalia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia and Yemen, no data were reported concerning the mixed milk feeding prevalence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breastfeeding Practices, Infant Formula Use, Complementary Feeding and Childhood Malnutrition: An Updated Overview of the Eastern Mediterranean Landscape

et al. 2022

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Background: With increasing global rates of overweight, obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) along with undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is no exception. This review focuses on specific nutrition parameters among under five years children, namely ever breastfed, exclusive breastfeeding, mixed milk feeding, continued breastfeeding, bottle feeding, introduction of solid, semi-solid, or soft foods and malnutrition. Methodology: PubMed, Google Scholar, United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) databases, World Health Organization (WHO) databases, the World Bank databases and the Global Nutrition Report databases were explored between 10 January and 6 June 2022, to review the nutrition situation among under five years children in the EMR. Results: The regional average prevalence of ever breastfed, exclusive breastfeeding, mixed milk feeding, continued breastfeeding, bottle feeding, introduction of solid, semi-solid, or soft foods was estimated at 84.3%, 30.9%, 42.9%, 41.5%, 32.1% and 69.3%, respectively. Iran, Iraq, Libya and Palestine have seen a decline over time in the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding. Lebanon, Egypt, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia reported early introduction of infant formula. Moreover, Lebanon, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates were seen to introduce food early to the child, at between 4–6 months of age. The estimated weighted regional averages for stunting, wasting and underweight were 20.3%, 8.9% and 13.1%, respectively. Of concern is the increasing prevalence of stunting in Libya. As for overweight and obesity, the average prevalence was reported to be 8.9% and 3%, respectively. Lebanon, Libya, Kuwait and Palestine showed an increased trend throughout this time. Conclusions: In this review, the suboptimal infant and young child feeding patterns and the twofold incidence of malnutrition in the EMR are highlighted and we urge the prioritizing of measures to improve children’s nutrition.

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Infant and young child feeding patterns in Kuwait: results of a cross-sectional survey

Abstract: In Kuwait where the prevalence of both obesity and type 2 diabetes is growing rapidly, the public health role of breast-feeding must be recognised and acted upon more than it has in the past.

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Determinants of in‐hospital feeding practices in Shiraz, Iran: Results of a prospective cohort study

Determinants of in‐hospital feeding practices in Shiraz, Iran: Results of a prospective cohort study

WHO infant and young child feeding indicators in relation to anthropometric measurements

Breastfeeding Practices, Infant Formula Use, Complementary Feeding and Childhood Malnutrition: An Updated Overview of the Eastern Mediterranean Landscape

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