Infant Cranial Deformity: Cranial Helmet Therapy or Physiotherapy?

González‐Santos, Josefa; González-Bernal, Jerónimo J.; Anuncibay, Raquel de la Fuente; Soto-Cámara, Raúl; Cubo, Esther; Aguilar-Parra, José Manuel; Trigueros, Rubén; Liria, Remedios López

doi:10.3390/ijerph17072612

Cited by 21 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Our study further supports the effectiveness of helmet therapy, assuming good protocol compliance. Recent studies showed no statistically significant difference between helmet therapy and physiotherapy, but the authors advised the use of a combination of both techniques, depending on various factors [31]. However, there was no control group in this study to confirm that the improvement was the result of helmet therapy alone, without any counter-positioning or physiotherapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Outcome Analysis of the Effects of Helmet Therapy in Infants with Brachycephaly

Choi

Lim

Kim

et al. 2020

JCM

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Brachycephaly has several potential deleterious effects, including malocclusion, sleep apnea, and abnormal posture. Nevertheless, the research regarding helmet therapy as a treatment strategy for brachycephaly is limited. Herein, we aimed to analyze the factors influencing the effects of helmet therapy in infants with brachycephaly. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 207 infants aged 3–14 months with a cranial index (CI) >90% who received helmet therapy between May 2016 and October 2019 and complied with the treatment protocol well. We used a multiple regression analysis to determine which factors affected the duration of therapy and a Jonckheere–Terpstra test to establish differences in the duration of helmet therapy according to age and severity. We identified brachycephaly severity (p < 0.001), asymmetry (p < 0.001), and age (p < 0.001) as factors affecting the duration of therapy. Helmet therapy might be effective for infants with moderate to severe brachycephaly, assuming good protocol compliance. In addition, younger treatment initiation age and less severe and less asymmetric brachycephaly significantly shorten the treatment duration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Outcome Analysis of the Effects of Helmet Therapy in Infants with Brachycephaly

Choi

Lim

Kim

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…Inclusion criteria for the study were as follows: (1) brain CT performed for suspected head trauma and diagnosed normal and (2) age ≤7 years. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1)…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the skull shape, cranial deformities can be divided into plagiocephaly, dolichocephaly, and brachycephaly [1]. Plagiocephaly is correctly applied to describe only flattening on one side of the head.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cohen's classification, which is the most widely used tool to categorize cranial shapes in the research field, is also based on the CI range [6]. In clinical settings, the CI is a valuable reference to set standards for the application of cranial-molding orthoses (helmet) [1]. It is also used when making preoperative plans and evaluating postoperative outcomes of cranial deformities for neurosurgery and plastic surgery [3,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cephalic Index of Korean Children With Normal Brain Development During the First 7 Years of Life Based on Computed Tomography

et al. 2021

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Objective To identify the normal range, distribution, and age-dependent differences in the cephalic index (CI) of Korean children with normal brain development and develop a classification of the current CI for Korean children up to 7 years of age.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 1,389 children who visited our hospital in the emergency room between October 2015 and September 2020 because of suspected head injuries. Finally, 1,248 children (741 male and 507 female) were enrolled after excluding abnormal medical or familial history and divided into 10 groups by age. The CI was measured using brain computed tomography and calculated according to the following equation: cephalic width/cephalic length×100.Results The averages of CI by age groups were as follows: 89.29 (0–3 months group, n=44); 91.41 (4–6 months group, n=63); 89.68 (7–9 months group, n=62); 87.52 (10–12 months group, n=41); 87.64 (≥2 years group, n=243); 86.63 (≥3 years group, n=178); 85.62 (≥4 years group, n=232); 85.77 (≥5 years group, n=201); 85.15 (≥6 years group, n=75); and 85.34 (≥7 years group, n=109). The CI of Korean children in normal brain development was confirmed to be large, showing a notable difference compared to that of Caucasians.Conclusion The current CI of Korean children will provide a valuable reference for diagnosing and treating cranial deformities, especially dolichocephaly and brachycephaly as well as to monitor the morphology of the cranium in clinics.

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“…The peak can be observed at four months, and percentages are low after 8 months. Many cases of PP improve over time, but scientific evidence suggests that conservative management strategies can safely and effectively minimize the degree of cranial asymmetry [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Cervical Range of Motion in Babies with Positional Plagiocephaly: Analytical Cross-Sectional Study

Pastor-Pons¹,

Lucha-López

Barrau-Lalmolda³

et al. 2021

Children

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Positional plagiocephaly (PP) is a general term describing cranial distortion from pre- or postnatal forces on the infant head. Abnormal intrauterine forces, multiple births, primiparous mothers, obstetric interventions, prematurity, male sex, excessive time lying in the supine position, and mobility restrictions of the cervical spine have been considered as the main predisposing factors. The objective was to investigate the association between the severity of PP and the active cervical rotation and to analyze the influence of predisposing factors in babies with PP. An analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 74 babies with moderate PP. Clinical and demographic data, cranial vault asymmetry, and active cervical rotation range of motion (ROM) were measured. Associations were analyzed with generalized linear models. The mean age was 16.8 ± 5.0 weeks, and 56.8% were male. A restriction in the ROM of active cervical rotation, especially to the left side, was observed. Our models showed that cranial asymmetry was related with left active cervical rotation ROM (p = 0.034) and with being transported in a pushchair (p < 0.001). Conclusions: An increased severity of PP was related with being transported in a baby pushchair and with a reduced active cervical rotation ROM toward the most restricted side.

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Infant Cranial Deformity: Cranial Helmet Therapy or Physiotherapy?

Cited by 21 publications

References 40 publications

Outcome Analysis of the Effects of Helmet Therapy in Infants with Brachycephaly

Outcome Analysis of the Effects of Helmet Therapy in Infants with Brachycephaly

Cephalic Index of Korean Children With Normal Brain Development During the First 7 Years of Life Based on Computed Tomography

Active Cervical Range of Motion in Babies with Positional Plagiocephaly: Analytical Cross-Sectional Study

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