Infant gut microbiota and food sensitization: associations in the first year of life

Azad, Meghan B.; Konya, Theodore; Guttman, David S.; Field, Catherine J.; Sears, Malcolm R.; HayGlass, Kent T.; Mandhane, Piush J.; Turvey, Stuart E.; Subbarao, Padmaja; Becker, Allan B.; Scott, James A.; Kozyrskyj, Anita L.

doi:10.1111/cea.12487

Cited by 382 publications

(339 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The strong influence of delivery and feeding modes on infant gut microbiota composition has been demonstrated (Adlerberth and Wold, 2009;Azad et al, 2015;Bäckhed et al, 2015;Bokulich et al, 2016). The impact of the delivery mode is the most pronounced in the first days and weeks of life (Dogra et al, 2015;Stokholm et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the maternal vaginal microbiota play a role in seeding the microbiota of neonatal gut and nose?

Sakwińska

Foata

Berger

et al. 2017

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The acquisition and early maturation of infant microbiota is not well understood despite its likely influence on later health. We investigated the contribution of the maternal microbiota to the microbiota of infant gut and nose in the context of mode of delivery and feeding. Using 16S rRNA sequencing and specific qPCR, we profiled microbiota of 42 mother-infant pairs from the GUSTO birth cohort, at body sites including maternal vagina, rectum and skin; and infant stool and nose. In our study, overlap between maternal vaginal microbiota and infant faecal microbiota was minimal, while the similarity between maternal rectal microbiota and infant microbiota was more pronounced. However, an infant's nasal and gut microbiota were no more similar to that of its own mother, than to that of unrelated mothers. These findings were independent of delivery mode. We conclude that the transfer of maternal vaginal microbes play a minor role in seeding infant stool microbiota. Transfer of maternal rectal microbiota could play a larger role in seeding infant stool microbiota, but approaches other than the generally used analyses of community similarity measures are likely to be needed to quantify bacterial transmission. We confirmed the clear difference between microbiota of infants born by Caesarean section compared to vaginally delivered infants and the impact of feeding mode on infant gut microbiota. Only vaginally delivered, fully breastfed infants had gut microbiota dominated by Bifidobacteria. Our data suggest that reduced transfer of maternal vaginal microbial is not the main mechanism underlying the differential infant microbiota composition associated with Caesarean delivery. The sources of a large proportion of infant microbiota could not be identified in maternal microbiota, and the sources of seeding of infant gut and nasal microbiota remain to be elucidated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the maternal vaginal microbiota play a role in seeding the microbiota of neonatal gut and nose?

Sakwińska

Foata

Berger

et al. 2017

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“…Follow-up of people at risk in a longitudinal mode led to the identification of bacterial strains presence/absence and of microbiota diversity modifications as predictors of chronic disease onset or aggravation, as illustrated in Type 1 diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Crohn's disease, cancers or food allergies [59][60][61][62][63][64]. Here also, monitoring may lead to preventive care measures, adaptation of clinical management and discovery of novel therapies by microbiota modifiers.…”

Section: Metagenomic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The human gut microbiome as source of innovation for health: Which physiological and therapeutic outcomes could we expect?

2017

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Summary From the moment of birth, each human being builds a microbe-host symbiosis which is key for the preservation of its health and well-being. This personal symbiotic coexistence is the result of progressive enrichments in microorganism diversity through external supplies. This diversity is nowadays massively overthrown by drastic changes related to clinical practice in birth management, environmental exposure, nutrition and healthcare behaviors. The last two generations have been the frame of massive modifications in life and food habits, with people being more and more sedentary, overfed and permeated with drugs and pollutants. We are now able to measure the impact of these changes on the gut microbiota diversity. Concomitantly, these modifications of lifestyle were associated with a dramatic increase in incidence of immune-mediated diseases including metabolic, allergic and inflammatory diseases and most likely neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Microbiota is becoming a hot topic in the scientific community and in the mainstream media. The number of scientific publications increased by up to a factor three over the last five years, with gastrointestinal and metabolic diseases being the most productive areas. In the intellectual property landscape, the patent families on microbiota have more than doubled in the meantime. In parallel, funding either from National Institutes (e.g. from NIH which funds research mainly in the field of allergies, infections, cancer and cardiovascular diseases, from the White House which launched the national microbiome initiative) or by pharmaceutical companies follow the same trend, showing a boost and a strong support in the research field on microbiota. All major health players are investing in microbiome research as shown by the number of deals signed and by funding during 2015. The Giens round table addressed how the medicine of tomorrow, considering human beings as a human-microbe symbiotic supraorganism, could leverage microbiome knowledge and tools. The rationale for our working group has been structured around four domains of innovation that could derive from ongoing efforts in deciphering the interactions between human cells and intestinal microbiome as a central component of human health, namely: (1) development of stratification and monitoring tools; (2) identification of new target and drug discovery, as a part of our supra-genome; (4) exploitation of microbiota as a therapeutic target that can be modulated; (4) and finally as a source of live biotherapeutics and adjuvants. These four streams will exemplify how microbiota has changed the way we consider a wide range of chronic and incurable diseases and the consequences of long-lasting dysbiosis. In-depth microbiota analysis is opening one of the broadest fields of investigation for improving human and animal health and will be a source of major therapeutic innovations for tackling today's medical unmet needs. We thus propose a range of recommendations for basic researchers, care givers as well as for hea...

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“…Изучение особенностей раннего периода формиро-вания микробиоты у детей, в дальнейшем развивших и не развивших аллергию [37][38][39], показало, что для детей с аллергией было характерно:…”

Section: микробиота кишечника ребенка отличается большей нестабильносunclassified

Twelve Myths About Food Allergies in Children

Макарова¹

2017

Vopr. sovr. pediatr.

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Infant gut microbiota and food sensitization: associations in the first year of life

Abstract: Low gut microbiota richness and an elevated Enterobacteriaceae/Bacteroidaceae ratio in early infancy are associated with subsequent food sensitization, suggesting that early gut colonization may contribute to the development of atopic disease, including food allergy.

Cited by 382 publications

References 64 publications

Does the maternal vaginal microbiota play a role in seeding the microbiota of neonatal gut and nose?

Does the maternal vaginal microbiota play a role in seeding the microbiota of neonatal gut and nose?

The human gut microbiome as source of innovation for health: Which physiological and therapeutic outcomes could we expect?

Twelve Myths About Food Allergies in Children

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