Infantile Spasms

Kossoff, Eric H.

doi:10.1097/nrl.0b013e3181d1416c

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The spasms typically start during the first year of life, with an incidence estimated at between 0.25 and 0.42 per 1000 live births (Mackay et al, 2004, Lux, 2013, Go et al, 2012, Pavone et al, 2014). Clinically, spasms are observed as contractions of the neck, trunk and limb flexor and/or extensor muscles that last for one or 2 s and typically occur in clusters upon awakening or before sleep (Kossoff, 2010). On an electroencephalogram (EEG), a spasm is usually associated with a widespread, high-voltage slow wave and then an attenuation of the background activity that lasts for a second or two (Fusco et al, 1993, Kellaway et al, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive, multimodal analysis of cortical activity, blood volume and neurovascular coupling in infantile spasms using EEG-fNIRS monitoring

Bourel-Ponchel

Mahmoudzadeh

Delignières

et al. 2017

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Although infantile spasms can be caused by a variety of etiologies, the clinical features are stereotypical. The neuronal and vascular mechanisms that contribute to the emergence of infantile spasms are not well understood. We performed a multimodal study by simultaneously recording electroencephalogram and functional Near-infrared spectroscopy in an intentionally heterogeneous population of six children with spasms in clusters. Regardless of the etiology, spasms were accompanied by two phases of hemodynamic changes; an initial change in the cerebral blood volume (simultaneously with each spasm) followed by a neurovascular coupling in all children except for the one with a large porencephalic cyst. Changes in cerebral blood volume, like the neurovascular coupling, occurred over frontal areas in all patients regardless of any brain damage suggesting a diffuse hemodynamic cortical response. The simultaneous motor activation and changes in cerebral blood volume might result from the involvement of the brainstem. The inconstant neurovascular coupling phase suggests a diffuse activation of the brain likely resulting too from the brainstem involvement that might trigger diffuse changes in cortical excitability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive, multimodal analysis of cortical activity, blood volume and neurovascular coupling in infantile spasms using EEG-fNIRS monitoring

Bourel-Ponchel

Mahmoudzadeh

Delignières

et al. 2017

NeuroImage: Clinical

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“…IS are characterized by the triad of myoclonic spasms, hypsarrhythmic electroencephalogram, and arrest of psychomotor development (Kossoff, 2010). The pathophysiology of IS remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NR3C1 gene polymorphism for genetic susceptibility to infantile spasms in a Chinese population

Yang

Zou

et al. 2012

Life Sciences

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“…Dose Vigabatrin should be initiated at 50 mg/kg per day in two divided doses and titrated every 3 days, up to 150 mg/kg per day. Because of its serious side effects, it has been recommended that a brief trial be used in patients with infantile spasms to see if the medication will be effective before deciding on long-term use [12]. In cases of infantile spasms secondary to tuberous sclerosis, 92% responded to the medication within 3 months [13].…”

Section: Vigabatrinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Newer Anticonvulsant Medications in Pediatric Neurology

Quach

Mazin

Riviello

2010

Curr Treat Options Neurol

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Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the mainstay of treatment for recurrent seizures. Uncontrolled seizures may cause medical, developmental, and psychological disturbances. The medical practitioner should thus strive to eliminate or minimize seizures. Treatment advances in epilepsy include 1) identification of the basic mechanisms of epilepsy and action of AEDs, 2) the introduction of new AEDs, and 3) the use of neurostimulation, including vagus nerve stimulation. Treatment with AEDs involves balancing each AED's efficacy against its side effects. In some patients, effective AEDs must be discontinued because of intolerable side effects. Although all AEDs have a proven efficacy, the choice of AEDs should be based on better efficacy for individual seizure types or epilepsy syndromes. Side effects also differ from drug to drug and must be taken into account. This article focuses on studies and expert opinion consensus to guide the choice of AEDs.

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Infantile Spasms

Abstract: At no other time since its first description in 1841 has the field of infantile spasms research been so rapidly changing. For the thousands of infants faced with this potentially devastating disorder, there is no time like the present.

Cited by 43 publications

References 56 publications

Non-invasive, multimodal analysis of cortical activity, blood volume and neurovascular coupling in infantile spasms using EEG-fNIRS monitoring

Non-invasive, multimodal analysis of cortical activity, blood volume and neurovascular coupling in infantile spasms using EEG-fNIRS monitoring

NR3C1 gene polymorphism for genetic susceptibility to infantile spasms in a Chinese population

Newer Anticonvulsant Medications in Pediatric Neurology

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