Infecção hospitalar: comparação entre dois métodos de vigilância epidemiológica

Abstract

INTRODUÇÃOO estudo das infecções hospitalares é um tema novo nas ciências médicas. As infecções hospitalares restringem-se àquelas que aparecem durante a internação de pacientes, não estando presentes ou em incubação no momento da admissão. Aquela denominação não indica, portanto, agente infeccioso específico, nem localização particular da infecção, mas apenas define o espaço físico onde se inicia.Cerca de 5% dos pacientes admitidos em hospitais gerais contraem infecção durante a internação, nos países desenvolvidos (Haley, 1985). No Brasil, apesar de não existirem estatísticas nacionais que revelem a magnitude real do problema, estima-se que entre 6,5% e 15% dos pacientes internados contraem um

Active post-operative phoned search for late infections of surgical site and thromboembolic events in the late postoperative period of plastic surgeries in a day hospital in the municipality of Porto Alegre

“…Current studies on techniques for post-discharge search are in line with a retrospective study conducted by Klein et al which concluded that there is no gold standard method for the surveillance of SSIs. Thus, SCIHs are recommended to assess the most appropriate surveillance approach according to their realities [12][13][14]16,17,19,[21][22][23] .…”

“…Additionally, diagnosis sensitivity is a key point in this method, since the patient is a layperson who may provide a doubtful description of SW leading to overreporting, in addition to the risk of recall bias 12,13,17,19 . It should be reaffirmed that there is no single standard method for the surveillance of SSI; however, regardless of the method, diagnostic criteria for SSI established by ANVISA should be met [11][12][13][14]16,17,[19][20][21] . Additionally, SCIHs should include search for TEs in their postoperative follow-up strategy, because of its high mortality rate and involvement in associated and extensive surgeries 5,12,13,19,20 .…”

Policies for control and prevention of infections related to healthcare assistance in Brazil: a conceptual analysis

“…In other words, in spite of all the scientific evolution, no hospital is exempt from HAI, as there exist unalterable risk factors that include both eminently invasive procedures as well as the health conditions of the patients themselves. Thus, the efforts of researchers and administrators turn to the reduction of HAI with actions of prevention and control of preventable infections, approaching different aspects in the environment as well as safe practices and improvement of patient conditions (26) .…”

Surgical site infections in adults patients undergoing of clean and contaminated surgeries at a university Brazilian hospital

“…According to the Brazilian Ministry of Health, hospital infection is an infection acquired after admission of the patient to hospital, and its onset during the hospital stay or after discharge. It can be related to hospitalization or to hospital procedures (5) .…”