Infecção por Yersinia pestis, no Estado da Bahia: controle efetivo ou silêncio epidemiológico?

Saavedra, Ramon da Costa; Dias, Juarez Pereira

doi:10.1590/s0037-86822011005000008

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…The absence of positive results indicate that the transmission cycle in the region is on quiescence, where it is undetectable (Haule et al 2013). A recent study (Saavedra and Dias 2011) reported similar results for a survey performed on rodents, humans and carnivore sentinels. Historically, samples obtained from rodents test negative during periods where no human cases are detected (Almeida et al 1988).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Ongoing quiescence in the Borborema Plateau Plague focus (Paraiba, Brazil)

Zeppelini

Almeida

Cordeiro‐Estrela

2018

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Plague is a zoonosis caused by Yersinia pestis, whose cycle is based on a reservoir system composed of mammals and their fleas. Its transmission cycle presents long enzootic periods with undetected cases, sometimes misleading that the cycle is extinct. While surveillance activities in Brazil are being carried out only in some focal areas, the serologic results confirm the persistence of Y. pestis in all monitored areas. We studied the small mammal assembly and Y. pestis presence in the Borborema Plateau Focus within the state of Paraíba, which staged the last Brazilian plague outbreak (1986-1987), through an inventory and Y. pestis detection survey of small mammals in peridomestic and sylvatic areas from two municipalities in the state of Paraíba. The field sampling captured 45 specimens (27 marsupials, 18 rodents), of 10 species. Only two species (one marsupial, one rodent) were captured in both peridomestic and sylvatic ecotopes. The sylvatic ecotope had higher richness and abundance. No evidence of circulation of the pathogen was detected, however, this result does not discard the necessity of continuous epidemiological surveillance due to the risk of rekindling the foci after long dormant periods, especially given the current epidemiological transition occurring on a Global scale.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Ongoing quiescence in the Borborema Plateau Plague focus (Paraiba, Brazil)

Zeppelini

Almeida

Cordeiro‐Estrela

2018

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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“…Distributional data for N. lasiurus and O. nigripes were obtained from speciesLink ( http://splink.cria.org.br ), Global Biodiversity Information Facility ( http://data.gbif.org ) and VertNet ( http://www.vertnet.org ); our searches included the old name of N. lasiurus ( Bolomys lasiurus ). We also consulted various published studies on these rodent species [ 12 - 33 ]. When only textual georeferences were provided we georeferenced them based on two internet resources ( http://www.fallingrain.com/world/ and http:// www.ibge.gov.br/ ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Geographic Distribution of Hantavirus Reservoirs in Brazil

et al. 2013

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Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome is an emerging zoonosis in Brazil. Human infections occur via inhalation of aerosolized viral particles from excreta of infected wild rodents. Necromys lasiurus and Oligoryzomys nigripes appear to be the main reservoirs of hantavirus in the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes. We estimated and compared ecological niches of the two rodent species, and analyzed environmental factors influencing their occurrence, to understand the geography of hantavirus transmission. N. lasiurus showed a wide potential distribution in Brazil, in the Cerrado, Caatinga, and Atlantic Forest biomes. Highest climate suitability for O. nigripes was observed along the Brazilian Atlantic coast. Maximum temperature in the warmest months and annual precipitation were the variables that most influence the distributions of N. lasiurus and O. nigripes, respectively. Models based on occurrences of infected rodents estimated a broader area of risk for hantavirus transmission in southeastern and southern Brazil, coinciding with the distribution of human cases of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. We found no demonstrable environmental differences among occurrence sites for the rodents and for human cases of hantavirus. However, areas of northern and northeastern Brazil are also apparently suitable for the two species, without broad coincidence with human cases. Modeling of niches and distributions of rodent reservoirs indicates potential for transmission of hantavirus across virtually all of Brazil outside the Amazon Basin.

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“…Several studies have been conducted to evaluate the environmental influences in the occurrence of plague in order to better understand the complex cycle of this disease and to predict areas of potential transmission [23]–[27]. Some of the studies analyzed the relationship between precipitation and temperature with plague, while others looked at altitude, soil, and other conditions [28]–[30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where Does Human Plague Still Persist in Latin America?

et al. 2014

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BackgroundPlague is an epidemic-prone disease with a potential impact on public health, international trade, and tourism. It may emerge and re-emerge after decades of epidemiological silence. Today, in Latin America, human cases and foci are present in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru.AimsThe objective of this study is to identify where cases of human plague still persist in Latin America and map areas that may be at risk for emergence or re-emergence. This analysis will provide evidence-based information for countries to prioritize areas for intervention.MethodsEvidence of the presence of plague was demonstrated using existing official information from WHO, PAHO, and Ministries of Health. A geo-referenced database was created to map the historical presence of plague by country between the first registered case in 1899 and 2012. Areas where plague still persists were mapped at the second level of the political/administrative divisions (counties). Selected demographic, socioeconomic, and environmental variables were described.ResultsPlague was found to be present for one or more years in 14 out of 25 countries in Latin America (1899–2012). Foci persisted in six countries, two of which have no report of current cases. There is evidence that human cases of plague still persist in 18 counties. Demographic and poverty patterns were observed in 11/18 counties. Four types of biomes are most commonly found. 12/18 have an average altitude higher than 1,300 meters above sea level.DiscussionEven though human plague cases are very localized, the risk is present, and unexpected outbreaks could occur. Countries need to make the final push to eliminate plague as a public health problem for the Americas. A further disaggregated risk evaluation is recommended, including identification of foci and possible interactions among areas where plague could emerge or re-emerge. A closer geographical approach and environmental characterization are suggested.

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Infecção por Yersinia pestis, no Estado da Bahia: controle efetivo ou silêncio epidemiológico?

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Ongoing quiescence in the Borborema Plateau Plague focus (Paraiba, Brazil)

Ongoing quiescence in the Borborema Plateau Plague focus (Paraiba, Brazil)

Potential Geographic Distribution of Hantavirus Reservoirs in Brazil

Where Does Human Plague Still Persist in Latin America?

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