Infected Hydatid Cysts Bacteria in Slaughtered Livestock and Their Effects on Protoscoleces Degeneration

Abstract

Background:The protoscoleces of fertile hydatid cysts are considered as major risks in surgery and producing secondary cysts if rupture the cyst during operation and, cause infecting the dogs with adult worm if eaten by this animal. Bacterial infection of the hydatid fluid can lead to sterilization of the cyst.Objectives:The aim of this study was to determine the bacterial infection rate of livestock hydatid cysts in Hamedan, Iran, and test the isolated bacteria effects on viable protoscoleces, in vitro.Materials and Methods:A total of 5709 slaughtered livestock were inspected to detect the presence of hydatid cysts. The hydatid fluid of all cysts was cultured separately to isolate and identify the bacteria. The effect of isolated bacteria was tested on viable protoscoleces in culture tubes, in vitro. The culture tubes were observed and examined under a light microscope every two hours for 24 hours, and then, after 36 and 48 hours.Results:Infected cysts were found in 74% of animals in Hamedan (46% were calcified and the bacteria was isolated from 52%) and 62% in Borujerd. The isolated bacteria in the infected cysts were as follows: Escherichia coli, E. blattae, Klebsiella pnoumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Edwardsiella tarda. The protoscoleces incubated with the isolated bacteria totally degenerated, but 55% of the protoscoleces in the control groups were intact and viable even after one week.Conclusions:This study indicated a high percentage of cysts bacterial infections in two provinces of Iran. The common isolated bacteria were E. coli and Klebsiella. The isolated bacteria degenerated the protoscoleces during short-time incubation, in vitro.

Prevalence and Fertility Survey of Hydatid Cyst in Slaughtered Livestock in Hamadan Abattoir, Western Iran, 2015 - 2016

“…Interestingly, the most of cyst recovered from inspected cattle were multilocular form and nearly 80% of them were found suppurative or calcified. This result was confirmed with previous study which is conducted in the region that reported 88% suppuration or calcification rate of cattle cysts (14).…”

Occurrence and genetic characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato from domestic animals in Central Iran

“…Hence, understanding the fertility and viability of the hydatid cysts in the intermediate host is critical because livestock play as the main source of infection transmission of the final host by consuming fertile cysts. The fertility of the hydatid cyst is different in various geographical situations, animal species, locations, size, and genotype of the cyst [48]. There are many reports about the infertility rate of the hydatid cysts in various genotypes and animal species in different regions [36,49], indicating that fertility depends on the genotype.…”

Ruta Graveolens, Peganum Harmala and Citrullus Colocynthis Methanolic Extracts Have in Vitro Protoscolocidal Effects and Act Against Bacteria Isolated From Echinococcal Hydatid Cyst Fliud

“…Furthermore, the most common bacterial isolates were P. aeruginosa, K. oxytoca, E. amnigenus, and E. aerogenes, indicating that gram negative bacteria are the most common bacterial invaders in hydatid cysts. Gram-negative bacteria were identi ed from 87.1 percent of hepatic and 85.4 percent of lung hydatid cyst uid in sheep, with E. coli and K. pneumoniae being the most common isolates, according to similar studies (Abdullah et al 2021;Fallah et al 2014;Khleifat et al 2010). In contrast, S. aureus was recovered from hepatic hydatid cyst uids in a recent test, demonstrating that the types of bacteria isolated from the cyst uids are highly varied et al 2020 ).This could be due to the infective stages ability to live in the outside environment, as well as the life cycle of Echinococcus spp., which entails tissue translocation into the intermediate host.…”

“…According to one theory, intermediate animals such as sheep and goats swallow bacteria-infected Echinococcus spp. eggs(Ahmed et al 2021;Fallah et al 2014). When these eggs reach the colon, they hatch, and the bacterially tainted oncosphere embryo penetrates the mucosa, eventually forming hydatid cysts in the liver and lungs.…”