Infected total knee arthroplasty due to postoperative wound contamination withPasteurella multocida

Abstract

Pasteurella multocidais a small Gram-negative bacterium comprising part of the normal gastrointestinal and nasopharyngeal flora of domestic pets, such as dogs and cats. It rarely causes infection in humans. Previous reports ofP multocidacausing prosthetic joint infection have described either haematogenous spread of infection from a distant site through a scratch or bite, or reactivation of infection from a previous injury. We report a case of acute total knee arthroplasty joint infection becoming acutely infected byP multocida. We postulate that the mechanism of infection was direct contamination of the wound as a consequence of the patient being licked by his pet dog. We discuss the potential role played by thromboprophylaxis as a factor contributing to prolonged wound leak.

Fatal multifocal Pasteurella multocida infection: a case report

“…Previous reports have described either a hematogenous infection after a scratch or bite at a remote site or reactivation of previous infection [8]. Despite surgical excision and effective antibiotic therapy, secondary endocarditis and joint infection occurred in our patient.…”

Life-Threatening, Bleeding Pseudoaneurysm of the External Iliac Artery in the Setting of an Infected Total Hip Arthroplasty from Pasteurella multocida

“…Risk factors for this unique causative organism include advanced age, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, obesity, immunosuppression, previous surgical intervention, renal insufficiency, blood loss during surgery, and postoperative drainage [ 39 ]. Our review of the literature identified 34 documented cases of periprosthetic knee and hip infections with P. multocida [ [2] , [3] , [5] , [6] , [37] , [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [45] , [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] , [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , [55] , [56] , [57] , [58] , [59] , [60] , [61] , [62] , [63] , [64] , [65] , [66] , [67] ]. In the majority of these cases, the patients presented similarly to ours with a clinical picture including pain, an effusion (if at the knee), drainage, fever, and an elevated peripheral white blood cell count, ESR, and CRP.…”

Pasteurella multocida From a Cat Scratch as a Cause of Recurrent Prosthetic Joint Infection After Previously Successful Single-Stage Exchange Arthroplasty

“…Zoonotic infections make up a very small percentage of all PJIs. Since 1975, there have been only 29 cases of TKA prosthetic infections due to P. multocida reported in the English literature ( Table 1 ) [ 12 , 13 , 15 , 20 , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] , [36] , [37] , [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [45] , [46] , [47] , [48] ]. The majority (20/29, 69%) were attributed to scratch or bite from a cat or dog.…”