Infection in the Compromised Host

Nauta, Ernst H.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-6191-6_10

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 174 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…CPZ did not affect the NBTreducing activity of human neutrophils (Table 4). DISCUSSION Microbial invasion prompts the host to defend itself with its host defense reactions, such as phagocytosis, intracellular killing of the phagocytized microorganisms, and opsonization of bacteria with antibodies (1,3,5,7,8,13,14,19). The importance of the host defense reactions can be readily demonstrated by the fact that infections by opportunistic pathogens, such as Serratia spp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of the host defense reactions can be readily demonstrated by the fact that infections by opportunistic pathogens, such as Serratia spp. and Pseudomonas spp., which are difficult to treat successfully with antibiotics, often occur in immunocompromised hosts (6,8,(15)(16)(17). Therefore, in addition to antimicrobial chemotherapy, treatment that enhances host defense reactions of the infected hosts, e.g., phagocyte functions such as chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and intracellular killing of bacteria, may be effective against these infections.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that antibiotic treatment is often unsatisfactory in microbial infections of patients immunocompromised by malignant tumnors or by the administration of antineoplastic agents, immunosuppressants, or glucocorticoids (8). In these cases, it would be important to avoid further suppression of the host defense ability as well as to choose an antibiotic effective against the causative bacteria.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mouse peritoneal resident cells were obtained and used as macrophage-rich ous microbial infection, as seen in immunocom-leukocytes. Microscopy revealed that 30%o of the promised patients (6,8,15). Thus, in addition to mouse macrophage-rich leukocytes were macrochemotherapy, potentiators of host defense re-phages.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…promised patients (6,8,15). Thus, in addition to mouse macrophage-rich leukocytes were macrochemotherapy, potentiators of host defense re-phages.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Effects of AC-1370, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, on phagocyte functions

Ohnishi¹,

Kosuzume²,

Inaba³

et al. 1983

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, AC-1370, on phagocyte functions were compared with those of cefoperazone. AC-1370 augmented phagocytosis by mouse macrophages in vitro and in vivo, by mouse neutrophils in vivo, and by human neutrophils in vitro. Cefoperazone suppressed phagocytosis by mouse macrophages and neutrophils. Random migration and chemotaxis of mouse and human neutrophils were increased by the addition of AC-1370. Nitroblue tetrazolium reduction by human neutrophils was enhanced by the addition of AC-1370. Intracellular killing of bacteria by macrophages was also enhanced by AC-1370. Further, bactericidal effects of AC-1370 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were augmented when they were each cultured with mouse or human leukocytes. These results suggest that AC-1370 is an unique 3-lactam antibiotic which has a potentiating effect on phagocyte functions as well as a bactericidal effect.Phagocyte functions are important activities complements (C5) (Cordis), and nitroblue tetrazolium that contribute to host resistance to bacterial (NBT) (Sigma) were used. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Clinical experience has shown that, IFO 3445, Klebsiella pneumoniae IFO 3317, and Eschfor antimicrobial chemotherapy to be effective, a erichia coli 67 were used. Six-week-old male ICR mice functional host defense system is required. De-(Shizuoka Laboratory Animals) were used. fective host defense reactions often cause seri-Prepation of phagocyte. Mouse peritoneal resident cells were obtained and used as macrophage-rich ous microbial infection, as seen in immunocom-leukocytes. Microscopy revealed that 30%o of the promised patients (6,8,15). Thus, in addition to mouse macrophage-rich leukocytes were macrochemotherapy, potentiators of host defense re-phages. actions are also effective in the treatment of Mouse macrophage-rich leukocyte suspension conmicrobial infection. Although P-lactam antibiot-' taining 106 cells was incubated in tissue culture dishes ics have been frequently used for microbial (60 by 15 mm) with 5 ml of Eagle minimum essential infection, the effects of 1-lactams on host de-medium (MEM) at 37°C for 30 min. The nonadherent fense reactions have not been well investigated. cells were removed by washing with MEM. MonolayThe atrheentyghers of cells consisting predominantly of macrophages The authors have been studying the effects of were used as macrophages.antibiotics on host defense reactions and have Heparinized peripheral blood was obtained from found that AC-1370, or 7-P-D(-)-a(4(5)-carboxy-mice and humans. To each milliliter of heparinized imidazole-5(4)-carboxamido)-phenylacetamido-blood, 0.5 ml of 6% dextran in saline was added, and 3-(4-j-sulfoethylpyridinium)methyl-3-cephem-4-the erythrocytes were allowed to sediment for 1 h. The carboxylic acid sodium galt (Fig. 1), a new upper layer, containing neutrophils, was centrifuged to semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic, potenti-a pellet at 200 x g for 10 min. To this cell pellet 0.75% ates host...

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…promised patients (6,8,15). Thus, in addition to mouse macrophage-rich leukocytes were macrochemotherapy, potentiators of host defense re-phages.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effects of AC-1370, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, on phagocyte functions

Ohnishi¹,

Kosuzume²,

Inaba³

et al. 1983

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Protective effect of ren-shen-yang-rong-tang (Ninjin-Youei-to) in mice with drug-induced leukopenia against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection

Miura

Takimoto

Yoshikai

et al. 1992

International Journal of Immunopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mechanism of action of AC-1370 on phagocyte functions

Ohnishi¹,

Inaba²,

Mochizuki³

et al. 1984

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mechanism of action of a new semisynthetic cephalosporin AC-1370 on phagocyte functions was investigated. AC-1370 enhanced phagocytic functions of macrophages and neutrophils. AC-1370 bound to 27.4% of mouse peritoneal resident cells. Most of the AC-1370-binding cells were macrophages, and few neutrophils bound AC-1370. Culture supernatant of mouse macrophages cultured with AC-1370 significantly augmented phagocytic functions of mouse neutrophils. This activity of the culture supernatant of AC-1370-stimulated macrophages was abolished by digestion with trypsin but not by heat treatment at 56 degrees C for 30 min. The mechanism of the activation of phagocyte functions by AC-1370 is proposed as follows. First, AC-1370 binds to macrophages and causes their activation. Second, trypsin-sensitive and heat-stable soluble factor(s) is released from these macrophages. And finally, neutrophil functions are activated by the factor(s).

show abstract

Infection in the Compromised Host

Cited by 6 publications

References 174 publications

Effects of AC-1370, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, on phagocyte functions

Effects of AC-1370, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, on phagocyte functions

Protective effect of ren-shen-yang-rong-tang (Ninjin-Youei-to) in mice with drug-induced leukopenia against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection

Mechanism of action of AC-1370 on phagocyte functions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About