Infection of macaques with simian immunodeficiency virus induces a species-specific antibody response to major histocompatibility complex class I and class II molecules

Abstract

Envelopes of retroviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), contain host cell proteins that potentially represent novel targets for vaccine development. We show here that sera from rhesus macaques recognized simian major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules in response to infection with SIV. Antibodies from these animals did not cross-react with human MHC antigens on mitogen-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The development of antibodies to MHC class I a-chain did not correlate with anti-SIV envelope antibody responses, suggesting that these antibodies did not arise through molecular mimicry. In contrast to the species-specific response in infected animals, sera from animals vaccinated with inactivated human cell-grown SIV reacted to both human and rhesus MHC class I and class II molecules.

Clinically irrelevant circulating human leukocyte antigen antibodies in the presence of ventricular assist devices

“…This may explain the induction of natural antibodies in cardiac transplant candidates with or without VAD, infection, or leukocyte-depleted blood transfusion. 15,16 Therefore, the assignment of antibodies must be carefully analyzed to reduce the rate of unnecessary exclusion of patients who would otherwise receive a transplant.…”

Mucosal alloimmunization elicits T-cell proliferation, CC chemokines, CCR5 antibodies and inhibition of simian immunodeficiency virus infectivity

“…There is also evidence that alloimmunization in macaques may protect them against SIV infection (Stott, 1994). Antibodies to class I and class II molecules have been found in macaques immunized (Bergmeier et al, 1994) or infected (Polyanskaya et al, 2003) with SIV. Xenoimmunization of macaques significantly increased the concentration of CD8-derived suppressor factor (CD8-SF), CCL5, CCL3 and CCL4 (RANTES, MIP-1a and MIP-1b, respectively), which are associated with protection against SIV infection (Wang et al, 1998).…”

Human immunodeficiency virus vaccine an update

“…[4] Their results demonstrated that a whole virus vaccine is highly effective in inducing immune responses that can protect against lentivirus infection and AIDS-like disease. However, 3 years later by Arthur et al .,[5] and simultaneously in 2003 by Natasha et al .,[6] it was found that the protective effect was mediated by antigens (such as human leucocytes antigen HLA and β2 microglobulin from the human cells which were used to grow the viral strain.…”