Infection of the central nervous system by<i>Rhinocladiella atrovirens</i>in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Palacio-Hernanz, A. Del; Moore, Michael K.; Campbell, C.K.; Palacio-Perez-Medel, A. Del; Castillo-Cantero, R. Del

doi:10.1080/02681218980000171

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…2 The diagnosis of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis requires the demonstration of melanin by the Masson-Fontana stain of tissues. 7 Other agents of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis include Bipolaris spicifera, 8 Fonsecaea pedrosoi, 9 Chaetominum, 10 Rhinocladiella atrovirens, 11 and C. bantiana. 2 In a review article of primary CNS phaeohyphomycosis, a total of 24 fungal species were isolated from 101 patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspiration cytology of brain abscess from a fatal case of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis due to Ramichloridium mackenziei

M.D.

Al‐Tawfiq

2007

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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Ramichloridium mackenziei is a dematiaceous fungus that usually causes cerebral phaeohyphomycosis. We describe the aspiration cytology findings of a case of cerebral abscess caused by R. mackenziei in a 66-yr-old Saudi woman who had a long standing history of diabetes mellitus and a recent diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. She was on long-term corticosteroid therapy. The patient developed rapidly progressive multiple brain abscesses and died despite aspiration of the abscess and administration of intravenous amphotericin B lipid complex and voriconazole.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspiration cytology of brain abscess from a fatal case of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis due to Ramichloridium mackenziei

M.D.

Al‐Tawfiq

2007

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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“…R. basitona was recovered from subcutaneous lesions in a man from Japan (43). R. similis (184) appears to be the agent reported under the name R. atrovirens in cases of mycetoma (535) and cerebral phaeohyphomycosis in an AIDS patient (193 Veronaea. Initial reports of infection due to Veronaea botryosa were clustered in China; however, a more global distribution is now recognized, with cases seen in Libya, Philippines, an island in the Indian Ocean, and the United States.…”

Section: Chaetothyrialesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanized Fungi in Human Disease

2010

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SUMMARY Melanized or dematiaceous fungi are associated with a wide variety of infectious syndromes. Many are soil organisms and are generally distributed worldwide, though certain species appear to have restricted geographic ranges. Though they are uncommon causes of disease, melanized fungi have been increasingly recognized as important pathogens, with most reports occurring in the past 20 years. The spectrum of diseases with which they are associated has also broadened and includes allergic disease, superficial and deep local infections, pneumonia, brain abscess, and disseminated infection. For some infections in immunocompetent individuals, such as allergic fungal sinusitis and brain abscess, they are among the most common etiologic fungi. Melanin is a likely virulence factor for these fungi. Diagnosis relies on careful microscopic and pathological examination, as well as clinical assessment of the patient, as these fungi are often considered contaminants. Therapy varies depending upon the clinical syndrome. Local infection may be cured with excision alone, while systemic disease is often refractory to therapy. Triazoles such as voriconazole, posaconazole, and itraconazole have the most consistent in vitro activity. Further studies are needed to better understand the pathogenesis and optimal treatment of these uncommon infections.

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“…R. aquaspersa is one of the agents of chromoblastomycosis. R. mackenziei is one of the most notorious causative agents of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis, often occurring in otherwise healthy individuals (del Palacio-Hernanz et al 1989;Kanj et al 2001;de Gruyter et al 2009;González et al 2013); it is strictly endemic to the Middle East, and its natural habitat is presently unknown. Rhinocladiella species have dark olivaceous-brown colonies producing conidiophores, which are pale to dark brown, somewhat or clearly differentiated from the mycelium, suberect, and mostly unbranched.…”

Section: Rhinocladiella (Chaetothyrialesmentioning

confidence: 99%