Infection process of Fusarium graminearum in oats (Avena sativa L.)

Tekle, Selamawit; Dill‐Macky, Ruth; Skinnes, Helge; Tronsmo, Anne Marte; Bjørnstad, Åsmund

doi:10.1007/s10658-011-9888-x

Cited by 43 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Crop debris is recognized as a source of F. graminearum inoculum (Pereyra et al 2004). Rainfall is important for conidial dispersal (Xu 2003;Paul et al 2004), thus the positive impact of mean daily precipitation found in our study confirms the importance of spread of the splash dispersed macroconidia (Paul et al 2004;Skelsey and Newton 2015) when the plant is most susceptible to infection (Tekle et al 2012). Rain increases the moisture of crop debris (Manstretta and Rossi 2015) and thus also favours the development of perithecia and maturation of ascospores (Manstretta and Rossi 2016).…”

Section: Association Between Don Content and Weather Conditions At DIsupporting

confidence: 73%

DON content in oat grains in Norway related to weather conditions at different growth stages

et al. 2016

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High concentrations of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), produced by Fusarium graminearum have occurred frequently in Norwegian oats recently. Early prediction of DON levels is important for farmers, authorities and the Cereal Industry. In this study, the main weather factors influencing mycotoxin accumulation were identified and two models to predict the risk of DON in oat grains in Norway were developed: (1) as a warning system for farmers to decide if and when to treat with fungicide, and (2) for authorities and industry to use at harvest to identify potential food safety problems. Oat grain samples from farmers' fields were collected together with weather data (2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013).A mathematical model was developed and used to estimate phenology windows of growth stages in oats (tillering, flowering etc.). Weather summarisations were then calculated within these windows, and the Spearman rank correlation factor calculated between DONcontamination in oats at harvest and the weather summarisations for each phenological window. DON contamination was most clearly associated with the weather conditions around flowering and close to harvest. Warm, rainy and humid weather during and around flowering increased the risk of DON accumulation in oats, as did dry periods during germination/seedling growth and tillering. Prior to harvest, warm and humid weather conditions followed by cool and dry conditions were associated with a decreased risk of DON accumulation. A prediction model, including only pre-flowering weather conditions, adequately forecasted risk of DON contamination in oat, and can aid in decisions about fungicide treatments.

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Section: Association Between Don Content and Weather Conditions At DIsupporting

confidence: 73%

DON content in oat grains in Norway related to weather conditions at different growth stages

et al. 2016

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“…In contrast, weather conditions during heading/flowering seem to have a high influence on the DON-risk in Norwegian oats (Hjelkrem et al 2017). Spray inoculations with F. graminearum at different growth stages have shown that oat is highly susceptible to F. graminearum during flowering (Tekle et al 2012), and positive associations were detected between DON accumulation and rain during the heading/flowering in our previous study (Hjelkrem et al 2017). The negative association detected between HT2 + T2 accumulation in oat grains and rain during the heading/flowering period observed in our Spearman rank correlation study supports the assumption of a different timing of initial i n f e c t i o n b y F. l a n g s e t h i a e c o m p a r e d t o F. graminearum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…By contrast, F. graminearum is considered to infect oat at, or soon after, flowering (Tekle et al 2012), and the risk of DON contamination has been reported to be little influenced by the weather conditions during growth stages prior to flowering (Hjelkrem et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Giroux et al 2016;Andersen et al 2015;Xu et al 2013;Gourdain et al 2011;De Wolf et al 2003), only few investigations have been conducted on the epidemiology of F. langsethiae and HT2 + T2 accumulation. Oats are most susceptible to infection by F. graminearum during flowering (Tekle et al 2012). By contrast, infection by F. langsethiae, is assumed to occur prior to flowering (Opoku et al 2013).…”

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HT-2 and T-2 toxins in Norwegian oat grains related to weather conditions at different growth stages

et al. 2018

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High concentrations of the mycotoxins HT-2 and T-2 (HT2 + T2), primarily produced by Fusarium langsethiae, have occasionally been detected in Norwegian oat grains. In this study, we identified weather variables influencing accumulation of HT2 + T2 in Norwegian oat grains. Oat grain samples from farmers' fields were collected together with weather data (2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013). Spearman rank correlation coefficients were calculated between the HT2 + T2 contamination in oats at harvest and a range of weather summarisations within estimated phenological windows of growth stages in oats (tillering, flowering etc.). Furthermore, we developed a mathematical model to predict the risk of HT2 + T2 in oat grains. Our data show that adequate predictions of the risk of HT2 + T2 in oat grains at harvest can be achieved, based upon weather data observed during the growing season. Humid and cool conditions, in addition to moderate temperatures during booting, were associated with increased HT2 + T2 accumulation in harvested oat grains, whereas warm and humid weather during stem elongation and inflorescence emergence, or cool weather and absence of rain during booting reduced the risk of HT2 + T2 accumulation. Warm and humid weather immediately after flowering increased the risk, while moderate to warm temperatures and absence of rain during dough development, reduced the risk of HT2 + T2 accumulation in oat grains. Our data indicated that HT2 + T2 contamination in oats is influenced by weather conditions both pre-and post-flowering. These findings are in contrast with a previous study examining the risk of deoxynivalenol contamination in oat reporting that toxin accumulation was mostly influenced by weather conditions from flowering onwards.

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“…In South America, there is little information available regarding the effects of Fusarium species on the weight of oat grains, although F. graminearum has been reported to be the primary species associated with FHB of small grains such as barley, triticale and wheat. Other Fusarium species such as avenaceum, culmorum, poae, equiseti, acuminatum, trincictum, sambucinum, semitectum and chlamydosporum The damage caused by FHB on cereals can be quantitative and qualitative (Mauler-Machnik & Zahn, 1994;Parry, Jenkinson, & McLeod, 1995;Tekle, Skinnes, & Bjørnstad, 2013), resulting in reduced germination and the production of mycotoxins (Tekle, Skinnes, & Bjørnstad, 2013;Tekle, Dill-Macky, Skinnes, Tronsmo, & Bjørnstad, 2012). Secondary damage can manifest as a reduction in the protein content of the grain (Mauler-Machnik & Zahn, 1994;Mesterházy & Bartok, 1996) and decreased germination and seed vigor (Teckle et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Fusarium Head Blight in Reducing the Weight of Oat Grains

Martinelli

Chaves²,

Graichen³

et al. 2014

JAS

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Fusarium head blight (FHB or scab) is caused by the fungus Fusarium graminearum (teleomorph Gibberella zeae) and has emerged during the last few decades as one of the major threats to cereal production, with the steady increase in the incidence of this pathogen having led to severe quantitative and qualitative damage. For oats, unlike other winter cereals such as wheat or barley, there is little information regarding yield losses due to FHB. We field-evaluated 15 different oat genotypes with or without FHB on their panicles and treated or untreated with fungicide. For each genotype, 300 ripe panicles per treatment were hand harvested, individually threshed and weighed to estimate the weight of grain produced and correlate this with FHB genotype resistance. Damage caused by the disease was calculated by subtracting the observed yield from the potential yield. When untreated with fungicide, no genotype showed complete immunity to FHB but the average potential grain weight loss for the 15 oat genotypes was small (3.29%), although five genotypes did show significantly reduced grain weight when infected with FHB. Fungicide treatment significantly reduced the percentage of infected spikelets and grain weight loss for the majority of genotypes. Although the data showed relatively small grain weight losses due to FHB, there was no genotype with complete immunity to this pathogen. It appears that continuous no-tillage may influence the incidence of FHB on oats and should be carefully monitored in the field.

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Infection process of Fusarium graminearum in oats (Avena sativa L.)

Cited by 43 publications

References 23 publications

DON content in oat grains in Norway related to weather conditions at different growth stages

DON content in oat grains in Norway related to weather conditions at different growth stages

HT-2 and T-2 toxins in Norwegian oat grains related to weather conditions at different growth stages

Impact of Fusarium Head Blight in Reducing the Weight of Oat Grains

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