Infection Source of Herpesvirus Disease in Coho Salmon Culture and its Control.

Kumagai, Akira; Takahashi, Kyoko; Fukuda, Hideo

doi:10.3147/jsfp.32.103

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Another important virus of marine fish is the one involved in viral haemorrhagic septicemia (IHN), a rhabdovirus, reported to cause epizootics in wild shoaling fish such as herrings and mackerel, and has been reported from over 50 species of fish [71]. In addition, marine finfish are also reported to be affected by herpesviruses [49] and nodaviruses [57]. Among other marine animals, molluscs are known to be affected by several viral diseases caused by iridoviruses, herpesviruses, birnaviruses and papova-like viruses and have been reported to be responsible for economic losses in Europe and Japan [58].…”

Section: Viruses Causing Diseases Of Marine Animals Discovered Througmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Metagenomics: A Tool for Virus Discovery and Diversity in Aquaculture

Alavandi

Poornima

2012

Indian J. Virol.

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Viruses are abundant biological entities on earth and the emergence of viral pathogens has become a serious threat to aquaculture and fisheries worldwide. However, our response to viral pathogens has been largely reactive, in the sense that a new pathogen is usually not discovered until it has already reached epidemic proportions. Current diagnostic methods such as PCR, immunological assays and pan-viral microarrays are limited in their ability to identify novel viruses. In this context, the knowledge on the diversity of viruses in healthy and disease situations becomes important for understanding their role on the health of animals in aquaculture species. Viral metagenomics, which involves viral purification and shotgun sequencing, has proven to be useful for understanding viral diversity and describing novel viruses in new diseases and has been recognized as an important tool for discovering novel viruses in human and veterinary medicine. With the advancements in sequencing technology and development of bioinformatics tools for nucleic acid sequence assembly and annotation, information on novel viruses and diversity of viruses in marine ecosystems has been rapidly expanding through viral metagenomics. Novel circoviruses and RNA viruses in Tampa bay pink shrimp, annelovirus in sea lion, picornavirus in ringed seals and several new viruses of marine animals have been recently described using viral metagenomics and this tool has been also recently used in describing viral diversity in aquaculture ponds. Further, a large amount of information has been generated on the diversity of viruses in the marine environment using viral metagenomics during the last decade. There exists a great potential with viral metagenomics for discovering novel viruses in asymptomatic marine candidate animals of aquaculture/mariculture, some of which may assume pathogenic status under high density culture and stress. Additionally, viral metagenomics can help our understanding of viruses present in aquaculture/mariculture settings and routine pathogen surveillance programmes.

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Section: Viruses Causing Diseases Of Marine Animals Discovered Througmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Metagenomics: A Tool for Virus Discovery and Diversity in Aquaculture

Alavandi

Poornima

2012

Indian J. Virol.

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“…Experimentally infected salmon fry exhibit necrosis and hyperplasia of haematopoietic tissues (Kimura and Yoshimizu, 1989). Horizontal and vertical transmission of SalHV‐2 have been shown (Wolf, 1988; Kumagai et al., 1997). Survivors of the acute infection developed epidermal papillomas (Kimura and Yoshimizu, 1989).…”

Section: Double‐stranded Dna Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses of Lower Vertebrates

Eßbauer¹,

Ahne

2001

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

108

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Viruses of lower vertebrates recently became a field of interest to the public due to increasing epizootics and economic losses of poikilothermic animals. These were reported worldwide from both wildlife and collections of aquatic poikilothermic animals. Several RNA and DNA viruses infecting fish, amphibians and reptiles have been studied intensively during the last 20 years. Many of these viruses induce diseases resulting in important economic losses of lower vertebrates, especially in fish aquaculture. In addition, some of the DNA viruses seem to be emerging pathogens involved in the worldwide decline in wildlife. Irido-, herpes- and polyomavirus infections may be involved in the reduction in the numbers of endangered amphibian and reptile species. In this context the knowledge of several important RNA viruses such as orthomyxo-, paramyxo-, rhabdo-, retro-, corona-, calici-, toga-, picorna-, noda-, reo- and birnaviruses, and DNA viruses such as parvo-, irido-, herpes-, adeno-, polyoma- and poxviruses, is described in this review.

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“…As with other viral diseases, the best method to control the infection is avoidance. The occurrence of the disease is associated with previous infections at freshwater hatcheries, although pen-to-pen transmission in seawater is negligible (Kumagai et al, 1997). Rainbow trout may have subclinical infections and serve as reservoir hosts.…”

Section: Control and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rainbow trout may have subclinical infections and serve as reservoir hosts. Kumagai et al (1997) recommended the following to control the infection: (i) do not rear other salmonids with coho salmon; (ii) disinfect facilities after out-planting stocks; (iii) avoid smolts from contaminated hatcheries; and (iv) examine fish for virus shortly after introduction to seawater. Kimura et al (1983) reported that daily immersion of chum salmon in the antiviral compound acyclovir suppressed the growth of OMV-associated tumours.…”

Section: Control and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%