Infections a Neisseria meningitidis du serogroupe a en France (aout 1987 – mars 1988). Relations avec l'epidemie de la mecque d'aout 1987

Riou, J.Y.; Guibourdenche, M.; Hubert, B.; Perrin, J.; Pennec, M. P. Le; Lafaye, J.M.P.; Faou, Alain Le; Denamur, Erick; Berardi, Luigia; Freney, J.; Chomarat, M.; Barbe, G; Pors, M. J. Sanson Le; Sedallian, A; C, Krembel

doi:10.1016/s0399-077x(89)80239-2

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In 1987, an outbreak of meningococcal disease linked to the Hajj was described in several European countries, but the description was limited to pilgrim cases and a few secondary cases ( 1 – 3 ). In the Hajj 2000 outbreak, the added value of molecular biological investigation, together with the epidemiologic investigation, allowed us to describe a W135 clonal outbreak and the diffusion of this strain from pilgrims to the general population (5) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first reported international outbreak of this disease following the Hajj, which was caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A, occurred in 1987 (1–3). That epidemic emphasized the potentially high risk of transmission of N. meningitidis during the pilgrimage.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, the Hajj, attracts more than a million pilgrims from many countries worldwide and has been associated with outbreaks of meningococcal disease. The first reported international outbreak of this disease following the Hajj, which was caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A, occurred in 1987 ( 1 – 3 ). That epidemic emphasized the potentially high risk of transmission of N. meningitidis during the pilgrimage.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Outbreak of Serogroup W135 Meningococcal Disease after the Hajj Pilgrimage, Europe, 2000

Aguilera¹,

Perrocheau

Meffre

et al. 2002

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

162

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The 2000 Hajj (March 15–18) was followed by an outbreak of Neisseria meningitidis W135 2a: P1.2,5 in Europe. From March 18 to July 31, 2000, some 90 cases of meningococcal infection were reported from nine countries, mostly the United Kingdom (UK) and France; 14 cases were fatal. Although most early cases were in pilgrims, the outbreak spread to their contacts and then to those with no known pilgrim contact. In France and the UK, the outbreak case-fatality rate was compared with the rate reported from national surveillance. The risk of dying during this outbreak was higher in France and the UK, although the difference was not statistically significant. Prophylaxis for all pilgrims and their household contacts was offered in France; in the UK and other European countries, prophylaxis was recommended only for close contacts. No difference in transmission rates following intervention was detected between France and the UK.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Outbreak of Serogroup W135 Meningococcal Disease after the Hajj Pilgrimage, Europe, 2000

Aguilera¹,

Perrocheau

Meffre

et al. 2002

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

162

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“…Serogroup A is infrequent in France representing 7% of the cases (17), and these cases occurred after introduction of serogroup A strains by Mecca pilgrims in 1987 (19). The immunity level against serogroup A is weak in the French population and may explain the increased risk of clusters with this serogroup.…”

Section: Coprimary Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clusters of meningococcal disease in France (1987?1988)

Olivares

Hubert

1992

Eur J Epidemiol

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We analyzed 814 cases of meningococcal disease notified in 1987 and 1988 to the Ministry of Health. Data were obtained by report forms including informations about possible additional cases among contacts. Coprimary cases (occurring within 24 hours after the index case) and secondary cases (occurring more than 24 hours after index case) were all reviewed. Twenty eight clusters of meningococcal disease were identified involving 65 cases (8% of total cases). Twelve of the 814 cases (1.5%) were coprimary cases of an index case and 25 (3%) were secondary cases. The secondary attack rate was 530/100,000 among household contacts and 31/100,000 among school contacts. Seventy two per cent of the secondary cases occurred in the first week after index case. Thirty-eight percent of the secondary cases occurred in the 15-20 age group as opposed to 15% of single cases. Serogroup A was more often found in coprimary (33%) and secondary cases (17%) than in single cases (6%). In France, prophylaxis of secondary cases is administered to the classroom contacts of a case of meningococcal infection but is not required for the entire school except under epidemic conditions.

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Characterization ofNeisseria meningitidis serogroup A strains from an outbreak in France by serotype, serosubtype, multilocus enzyme genotype and outer membrane protein pattern

Riou

Caugant²,

Selander

et al. 1991

Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.

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In an attempt to determine the epidemiological relationship between cases of infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A in France between August 1987 and December 1988, and an outbreak which occurred in Mecca in August 1987, markers such as serotype, serosubtype, multilocus enzyme genotype and outer membrane protein (OMP) pattern were used to characterize the bacterial isolates. From a total of 28 cases, 20 strains were isolated. Sixteen isolates, including one which undoubtedly originated from the Mecca epidemic, were homogenous (serotype 4, serosubtype P1.9, multilocus enzyme genotype of clone III-1, identical OMP pattern). Four isolates had a different OMP pattern with little or no P1 protein, no P4 and no P6. Two of these isolates belonged to other clones (I.1 and group I) and they were considered to be unrelated to the Mecca epidemic strains. The origin of the remaining two isolates was not clear. It is concluded that the majority of the Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A strains recently isolated in France originate from the Mecca epidemic.

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Infections a Neisseria meningitidis du serogroupe a en France (aout 1987 – mars 1988). Relations avec l'epidemie de la mecque d'aout 1987

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Outbreak of Serogroup W135 Meningococcal Disease after the Hajj Pilgrimage, Europe, 2000

Outbreak of Serogroup W135 Meningococcal Disease after the Hajj Pilgrimage, Europe, 2000

Clusters of meningococcal disease in France (1987?1988)

Characterization ofNeisseria meningitidis serogroup A strains from an outbreak in France by serotype, serosubtype, multilocus enzyme genotype and outer membrane protein pattern

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