Infections in Injection Drug Users

Brown, Patricia D.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-4801-3.00317-9

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 296 publications

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“…Инъекции являются одним из путей введения наркотических средств, при котором наблюдается высокая частота осложнений, особенно инфекционного происхождения. Потребители наркотиков рискуют приобрести осложнения внутривенного введения, связанные с бактериальными инфекциями [9]. Большинство из них вызвано собственной условно-патогенной флорой субъекта, причем наиболее распространенными этиологическими агентами являются Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus и анаэробы.…”

Section: развитие осложнений внебольничной пневмонии тяжелого течения...unclassified

The development of complications of community-acquired pneumonia of a severe course against the background of parenteral poisoning with a mixture of narcotic substances

Gayvoronskiy

Гайворонский²,

Khalimov

et al. 2020

Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy

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Doctors of the clinic of military field therapy of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, the experience of successful treatment of community-acquired pneumonia of a severe course with the development of complications against the background of parenteral poisoning with a mixture of narcotic substances in a young patient was obtained. An important feature in the treatment tactics of this patient was the impossibility of antidote therapy with naloxone (a competitive opioid receptor antagonist) due to the presence of signs of respiratory failure, hypoxic and tissue hypoxia. As a result of the systemic treatment in the young patient, it was possible to arrest a significant septic process and multiple organ disorders of vital functions that arose due to severe endotoxic damage. An important factor in ensuring the survival of patients with severe pneumonia against a background of immune depression due to the use of toxic substances is the rational selection of an antibacterial drug or combinations of antibiotic therapy, constant monitoring of vital functions with prompt correction of emerging disorders, as well as the need to use modern high-tech treatment methods. This example clearly shows the need for urgent, systematic and complex intensive care in a number of manipulations performed in people with complications of community-acquired pneumonia, suffering from drug addiction. In addition, it is important to minimize the time from the detection of a poisoned person to the start of emergency measures, as well as their further evacuation to the stage of providing qualified and specialized medical care. Thus, modern medicine continues to face an extremely urgent problem of drug use by the population. A significant number of people with drug dependence syndrome do not seek medical help for various reasons, continuing to use illegal drugs.

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Section: развитие осложнений внебольничной пневмонии тяжелого течения...unclassified

The development of complications of community-acquired pneumonia of a severe course against the background of parenteral poisoning with a mixture of narcotic substances

Gayvoronskiy

Гайворонский²,

Khalimov

et al. 2020

Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy

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“…Injection drug use (IDU) is associated with numerous sequel-ae in addition to addiction and potential overdose death, including infections such as skin and soft-tissue infection (SSTI) and blood-borne infection, and non-infectious complications such as direct vascular and soft-tissue injury [ 1 , 2 ]. The somatic sequelae of IDU in people who inject drugs (PWID) can have overlapping clinical presentations, confounding early efforts at diagnosis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Acute Limb Ischemia Caused by Inadvertent Arterial Drug Self-Injection: A Case Report

et al. 2021

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Patient: Male, 35-year-old Final Diagnosis: Thrombosis Symptoms: Pain Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Infectious Diseases • Medicine, General and Internal • Psychiatry Objective: Unusual clinical course Background: A predictable consequence of long-term injection drug use is the destruction of the native venous system; as a consequence, people who inject drugs may eventually move to injection into skin and subcutaneous tissue, wounds, muscles, and arteries. These practices put people who inject drugs at risk for injection-related soft-tissue infection, vascular damage, ischemia, and compartment syndrome, all of which have overlapping presenting symptoms. Case Report: A 35-year-old man who injects drugs presented with foot swelling and discoloration initially concerning for necrotizing fasciitis or compartment syndrome. After progression despite appropriate antimicrobial and surgical treatment for soft-tissue infection, he was diagnosed with arterial insufficiency and resultant distal ischemia. This diagnosis was discovered only after obtaining additional history of the patient’s drug use practices. Just prior to his symptoms, he had unintentionally injected a formed thrombus into his dorsalis pedis artery. Conclusions: Intra-arterial injection of drugs can cause ischemia through a variety of mechanisms, including direct vessel trauma, arterial spasm, toxicity from the drug of abuse or an adulterant, embolism of particulate matter, and as proposed here, direct injection of preformed thrombus. Medical providers should be aware of the steps of injection drug use and their associated risks so that they can ask appropriate questions to focus their differential diagnosis, increase their understanding of common or current local injection practices, and develop rapport with the patient. Patient education on safe injection techniques may also reduce the risk of serious complications.

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Infections in Injection Drug Users

Cited by 2 publications

References 296 publications

The development of complications of community-acquired pneumonia of a severe course against the background of parenteral poisoning with a mixture of narcotic substances

The development of complications of community-acquired pneumonia of a severe course against the background of parenteral poisoning with a mixture of narcotic substances

Acute Limb Ischemia Caused by Inadvertent Arterial Drug Self-Injection: A Case Report

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