Infections of Teeth and Bone

Sapp, J. Philip; Eversole, Lewis R.; Wysocki, George P.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-01723-7.50008-2

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

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“…Root canal infection results in breakdown of the periapical bone and formation of an apical lesion which is manifested on X-ray by the formation of a periapical radiolucency. An apical lesion is a mass of inflamed granulation tissue surrounded by an outer capsule of dense fibrous tissue [ 1 ]. Granulation tissue contains a variety of cells including immune cells such as T cells, B cells, and macrophages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are comorbidities associated with the cytokine/chemokine profile of persistent apical periodontitis?

et al. 2023

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Objectives This study aimed to identify disease-related markers in persistent apical periodontitis (PAP) biopsies and examine whether these were associated with comorbidities like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Materials and method The levels of the cytokines/chemokines GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17E/IL-25, IL-21, IL-23, IL-27, IL-28A/IFN -λ2, IL-33, MIP-3α/CCL20, and TNF-α were determined in lesions from patients with PAP (n = 20) and compared to healthy bone samples (n = 20). Results We identified eleven cytokines to be differently expressed, and among them, IL-2, IL-6, IL-17E, IL-21, and IL-27 appeared to drive the discrepancy between the disease and healthy groups. The levels of T follicular helper (Tfh) cell promoting cytokines (IL-21, IL-6, IL-27) were enhanced while T helper (Th) 1 cell promoting cytokine (IL-2), Th2 cell promoting cytokine (IL-13), and Th17 cell promoting cytokine (IL-17E) were reduced in the PAP group. The data also indicate that Tfh cell differentiation (IL-21), along with Th1 (GM-CSF, IFNγ), Th2 (IL-13), and Th17 (GM-CSF) cell differentiation, might be increased in the subpopulation of patients suffering from RA, whereas no differences were found in patients with CVD. Conclusions Levels of cytokines/chemokines in PAP were identified, and cluster analyzes indicated that these markers may be associated with the differentiation of different T cell populations. Patients with PAP and RA comorbidities showed elevated levels of markers reinforcing this association. Clinical relevance Molecular analyses of PAP may result in identification of prognostic markers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are comorbidities associated with the cytokine/chemokine profile of persistent apical periodontitis?

et al. 2023

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A retrospective study investigating prevalent diagnosis prompting endodontic treatment in a local North Indian population

Bharti,

Kaur,

Kaur

2024

IDJSR

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: Several risk factors, such as dental caries, periodontal disease, and trauma, can affect the dental pulp and lead to pulpitis. The main goal of root canal treatment are to eradicate infections within the canal and prevent future reinfection, creating an environment that supports healing. Endodontic treatment maintains the function of teeth while protecting the patient’s overall well-being. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing the demand for root canal treatment among patients, with a focus on diagnosis.: A retrospective review was conducted using hospital records of patients who visited the dental department and underwent root canal treatment between January 2023 and January 2024. Patient records provided information on age, gender, and indications for the treated tooth for endodontic treatment. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 20 software. A total of 2,280 patient records were reviewed, with 35.1% representing male patients and 64.9% female patients. The age range of the patients was 10 and above 60 years while the mean age was 36.26. The association of gender and age was statistically significant with p value of 0.001. The highest incidence of RCT was found in the 31-40 years age group. The commonest indication of RCT was symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. The most prevalent reason for root canal treatment is symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. There is a need for dental awareness among patients so that carious lesions can be treated early. Additionally, educating patients will help prevent dental caries.

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Infections of Teeth and Bone

Cited by 2 publications

References 38 publications

Are comorbidities associated with the cytokine/chemokine profile of persistent apical periodontitis?

Are comorbidities associated with the cytokine/chemokine profile of persistent apical periodontitis?

A retrospective study investigating prevalent diagnosis prompting endodontic treatment in a local North Indian population

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