Infections shared with wildlife: an updated perspective

Gortázar, Christian; Ruiz‐Fons, Francisco; Höfle, Úrsula

doi:10.1007/s10344-016-1033-x

Cited by 36 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…As a consequence, wild boar abundances are increasing throughout Europe in recent decades (Massei et al, 2015). The study by Gamelon et al (2017) found no effects of feeding on wild boar reproductive performance. Similarly, in central Spain, wild boar sampled in open sites (with no feeding) had larger litter sizes (3.5 and 4.3 for juveniles and adults, respectively) than wild boar sampled in fenced hunting estates with supplementary feeding (3.4 and 4.1, respectively (Ruiz-Fons et al, 2006).…”

Section: Wild Boar Population Dynamics In Their Historical Rangementioning

confidence: 93%

“…Interventions regarding wildlife diseases are rarely widespread and not necessarily successful. Three aspects need regulation to improve wildlife health: wildlife feeding, disease control in farmed or translocated wildlife, and hunting offal disposal (Gortázar et al., ).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding reproduction, the wild boar is an opportunistic species that is well adapted to thrive on resources, such as acorn mast, which fluctuate over time. Hence, the maximum reproductive output occurs in years when the available resources are plentiful ('pulsed-resource consumers'; Gamelon et al, 2017). The litter size of wild boar is variable, depending on factors such as age, body condition and feeding regime.…”

Section: Wild Boar Population Dynamics In Their Historical Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In natural sites, adult (> 1 year old) wild boar sows with mean litter sizes of 3.8-4.4 and 5.2-5.9 were found in central Italy and north-eastern France, respectively, while juveniles (< 1 year) from north-eastern France had mean litter sizes of 4-4.2. In both age-classes, reproductive output depended on mast availability (Gamelon et al, 2017).…”

Section: Wild Boar Population Dynamics In Their Historical Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological analyses of African swine fever in the Baltic States and Poland

Depner¹,

Gortázar²,

Gubertì³

et al. 2017

EFS2

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EFSA assisted four countries in the analysis of epidemiological data on African swine fever (ASF), collected until September 2017. The temporal analysis demonstrated that the average proportions of PCR and antibody-ELISA positive samples from the hunted wild boar remained below 3.9 and 6.6, respectively. A peak in the ASF incidence was observed 6 months after the first observed case, followed by a significant reduction of the number of cases and low levels of African swine fever virus (ASFV) circulation at the end of 38 months follow-up period at different spatial resolutions. The spatial analysis concluded that human-mediated spread of ASFV continues to play a critical role in the ASF epidemiology, despite all measures currently taken. 'Wild boar density', 'total road length' (as proxy for human activity) and 'average suitable wild boar habitat availability' were identified as predictors for the occurrence of ASF in Estonia by a Bayesian hierarchical model, whereas 'wild boar density' and 'density of pig farms' were predictors according to a generalised additive model. To evaluate the preventive strategies proposed in EFSA's Scientific Opinion (2015) to stop the spread of ASFV in the wild boar population, a simulation model, building on expert knowledge and literature was used. It was concluded that reduction of wild boar population and carcass removal to stop the spread of ASFV in the wild boar population are more effective when applied preventively in the infected area. Drastic depopulation, targeted hunting of female wild boar and carcass removal solely implemented as measures to control ASF in the wild boar population need to be implemented in a highly effective manner (at or beyond the limit of reported effectivity in wild boar management) to sustainably halt the spread of ASF.

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Section: Wild Boar Population Dynamics In Their Historical Rangementioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wild Boar Population Dynamics In Their Historical Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wild Boar Population Dynamics In Their Historical Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Epidemiological analyses of African swine fever in the Baltic States and Poland

Depner¹,

Gortázar²,

Gubertì³

et al. 2017

EFS2

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show abstract

“…enhancing spread of disease [60]. Animals might also start relying on supplementary feeding, raising the question how ‘wild’ such populations truly are [61].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large herbivores in novel ecosystems - Habitat selection by red deer (Cervus elaphus) in a former brown-coal mining area

Müller¹,

Dahm²,

Bøcher³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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After centuries of range contraction, many megafauna species are recolonizing parts of Europe. One example is the red deer (Cervus elaphus), which was able to expand its range and is now found in half the areas it inhabited in the beginning of the 19th century. Herbivores are important ecosystem engineers, influencing e.g. vegetation. Knowledge on their habitat selection and their influence on ecosystems might be crucial for future landscape management, especially for hybrid and novel ecosystems emerging in post-industrial landscapes. In this study, red deer habitat selection was studied in a former brown-coal mining area in Denmark. Here, natural settings were severely changed during the mining activity and its current landscape is in large parts managed by hunters as suitable deer habitat. We assessed red deer habitat preferences through feces presence and camera traps combined with land cover data from vegetation sampling, remote sensing and official geographic data. Red deer occurrence was negatively associated with human disturbance and positively associated with forage availability, tree cover and mean terrain height. Apparently, red deer are capable of recolonizing former industrial landscapes quite well if key conditions such as forage abundance and cover are appropriate. In the absence of carnivores, human disturbance, such as a hunting regime is a main reason why deer avoid certain areas. The resulting spatial heterogeneity red deer showed in their habitat use of the study area might be a tool to preserve mosaic landscapes of forest and open habitats and thus promote biodiversity in abandoned post-industrial landscapes.

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Hotspots of zoonotic disease risk from wildlife hunting and trade in the tropics

Choo,

Nghiem,

Chng

et al. 2023

Integrative Conservation

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Wildlife hunting and trade creates numerous direct human–animal contact opportunities that can facilitate transmission of zoonotic diseases pantropically. Yet, there is a lack of knowledge of which species and areas have a high risk of zoonotic disease spillover due to wildlife hunting and trade. We combined maps of hunting pressure, recent data sets on human‐shared pathogens, and trade volumes for 614 mammalian host species to map zoonotic disease risk from wildlife hunting and trade pantropically. We also assessed the relationship between zoonotic disease risk from hunting and probability of emerging zoonotic diseases using generalised least square regression. We identified hotspots of zoonotic disease risk from hunting in central America, China, and central Africa. When considering wildlife trade frequency, high risk occurs in southern Africa and China. Zoonotic disease risk from wildlife hunting aligns significantly with the risk of zoonotic emerging infectious diseases, suggesting that hunting is a key driver of zoonotic disease outbreaks of pandemic potential. Interventions that regulate the hunting of host species and considers the socioeconomic motivations behind hunting could reduce the risk of zoonotic disease spillover.

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Infections shared with wildlife: an updated perspective

Cited by 36 publications

References 74 publications

Epidemiological analyses of African swine fever in the Baltic States and Poland

Epidemiological analyses of African swine fever in the Baltic States and Poland

Large herbivores in novel ecosystems - Habitat selection by red deer (Cervus elaphus) in a former brown-coal mining area

Hotspots of zoonotic disease risk from wildlife hunting and trade in the tropics

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