Infectious Propagules of Dermatophytes

Hashimoto, Tadayo

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2635-7_8

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The infective propagule of dermatophyte fungi is called an arthroconidium and it forms as a result of segmentation and fragmentation of existing hyphae . Shed arthroconidia and fragmented/shed hairs are the source of environmental contamination.…”

Section: Environmental Disinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and treatment of dermatophytosis in dogs and cats.

Moriello

Coyner²,

Paterson

et al. 2017

Veterinary Dermatology

230

147

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Background -Dermatophytosis is a superficial fungal skin disease of cats and dogs. The most common pathogens of small animals belong to the genera Microsporum and Trichophyton. It is an important skin disease because it is contagious, infectious and can be transmitted to people.Objectives -The objective of this document is to review the existing literature and provide consensus recommendations for veterinary clinicians and lay people on the diagnosis and treatment of dermatophytosis in cats and dogs. Conclusions -No one diagnostic test was identified as the gold standard. Successful treatment requires concurrent use of systemic oral antifungals and topical disinfection of the hair coat. Wood's lamp and direct examinations have good positive and negative predictability, systemic antifungal drugs have a wide margin of safety and physical cleaning is most important for decontamination of the exposed environments. Finally, serious complications of animal-human transmission are exceedingly rare. Methods - Clinical Consensus GuidelinesClinical Consensus Guidelines (CCGs) provide the veterinary community with current information on the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of commonly encountered dermatological conditions. The World Association for Veterinary Dermatology (WAVD) oversees selection of relevant topics, identification of panel members possessing the expertise to draft the Clinical Consensus Guidelines, and any other aspects required to assure the integrity of the process. The statements are derived from evidence-based medicine whenever possible, however when such evidence does not exist then expert opinions would be utilized by the members of the panel. A draft is prepared by the panel, followed by a presentation of the guidelines at major national and/or international veterinary meetings. Access to the guidelines will be available on the WAVD web site. Solicitation for input from WAVD member organizations and affiliate and provisional member groups will result in the incorporation of this feedback into the guidelines. The final CCG manuscript will be submitted to the Veterinary Dermatology journal, where it is reviewed and edited before publication. The authors are solely responsible for the content of the statements.

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Section: Environmental Disinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and treatment of dermatophytosis in dogs and cats.

Moriello

Coyner²,

Paterson

et al. 2017

Veterinary Dermatology

230

147

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“…This implies that its importance in dermatophyte or opportunistic fungal invasion of the epidermis remains to be established [9]. In addition, a number of other factors which are dependent on the fungus, the host and the environment, are probably required for the initiation and development of infections [39]. Understanding pathogenesis must take into account the total in vivo growth conditions, including fungal cell exposure to speci c products expressed by the host during its invasion and colonisation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological evidence for keratinolytic activity ofScopulariopsisspp. isolates from nail lesions and the air

Marchisio¹,

Fusconi²

2001

Med Mycol

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The morphological expression of human hair and nail invasion in vitro by 31 isolates of nine Scopulariopsis species was studied by light microscopy on whole material and on semi-thin sections, as well as by transmission electron microscopy. Only some isolates of Scopulariopsis brumptii, S. candida, S. carbonaria and S. koningii were keratinolytically active. They came either from nail lesions or from outdoor aerosols. The most active isolate belonged to S. koningii and was recovered from a fingernail lesion. Both hair and nail degradation followed the biochemical and morphogenetic model described by the authors for other keratinolytic fungi.

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“…When conditions are favorable (eg, humid and nutrient-rich environment), conidia can germinate and invasive hyphae can emerge. 39 The fungus can also produce conidia through asexual reproduction. 40 Both hyphae and conidia are present in infected nails; however, conidia are more resistant to antifungal agents.…”

Section: Treatment Based On the Biological Cycle Of The Fungusmentioning

confidence: 99%