Infective Endocarditis: A Contemporary Review

Hubers, Scott A.; DeSimone, Daniel C.; Gersh, Bernard J.; Anavekar, Nandan S.

doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.12.008

Cited by 153 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Pathological examination of cardiac valves remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of IE [ 10 ]. Blood and valve cultures enable the precise identification of the pathogen involved [ 11 ]. In this study, we present a novel approach that consists of using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the ultrastructural analysis of a control non-infected valve and five IE vegetations that involve different bacterial pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Approach for Detecting Unique Variations among Infectious Bacterial Species in Endocarditic Cardiac Valve Vegetation

Hannachi

Lépidi

Fontanini

et al. 2020

Cells

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Infectious endocarditis (IE) remains one of the deadliest heart diseases with a high death rate, generally following thrombo-embolic events. Today, therapy is based on surgery and antibiotic therapy. When thromboembolic complications in IE patients persist, this is often due to our lack of knowledge regarding the pathophysiological development and organization of cells in the vegetation, most notably the primordial role of platelets and further triggered hemostasis, which is related to the diversity of infectious microorganisms involved. Our objective was to study the organization of IE vegetations due to different bacteria species in order to understand the related pathophysiological mechanism of vegetation development. We present an approach for ultrastructural analysis of whole-infected heart valve tissue based on scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Our approach allowed us to detect differences in cell organization between the analyzed vegetations and revealed a distinct chemical feature in viridans Streptococci ones. Our results illustrate the benefits that such an approach may bring for guiding therapy, considering the germ involved for each IE patient.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Approach for Detecting Unique Variations among Infectious Bacterial Species in Endocarditic Cardiac Valve Vegetation

Hannachi

Lépidi

Fontanini

et al. 2020

Cells

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“…Среди возбудителей ИЭ преобладает кокковая флора: стафилококки и стрептококки ответственны за 70-80% случаев [30,31]. Staphylococcus aureus остается доминирующим патогеном, вызывающим ИЭ в 25-30% случаев, при этом доля коагулазонегативных стафилококков составляет 8-11% [4,9,31,32]. Стрептококки, в основном группы Viridans, вызывают заболевание примерно в 30% случаев, среди которых наиболее часто выявляются представители группы Streptococcus bovis, в частности S. equinus, S. gallolyticus (обнаруживаемые в 20-50% случаев), S. infantarius и др.…”

Section: этиологияunclassified

“…Стрептококки, в основном группы Viridans, вызывают заболевание примерно в 30% случаев, среди которых наиболее часто выявляются представители группы Streptococcus bovis, в частности S. equinus, S. gallolyticus (обнаруживаемые в 20-50% случаев), S. infantarius и др. штаммы [4]. Энтерококки, особенно Enterococcus faecalis, ответственны за 10-15% случаев и считаются третьей по частоте причиной ИЭ [9,30,31].…”

Section: этиологияunclassified

“…В ~10-20% случаев ИЭ культура крови остается отрицательной, что чаще всего связано с предшествующим установлению диагноза и забору крови приемом антибактериальных препаратов. Кроме того, причиной отрицательных результатов гемокультуры являются штаммы микроорганизмов, которые трудно изолировать при использовании обычных микробиологических технологий: Coxiella burnetii, Bartonella и Tropheryma whipplei [4,16,30,35].…”

Section: этиологияunclassified

“…Инфекционный эндокардит (ИЭ) -заболевание инфекционной природы с первичной локализацией возбудителя на поверхности эндокарда, эндотелия начальных отделов крупных сосудов, а также внутрисердечных искусственных материалах, характеризующееся, как правило, быстрым развитием клапанной недостаточности и системными эмболическими осложнениями [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Practical aspects of infective endocarditis prevention

Тарадин

Игнатенко

Ракитская

et al. 2021

Cardiovasc Ther Prev

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The review is devoted to the practical aspects of infective endocarditis (IE) prevention, the issues of which, as before, remain the subject of lengthy discussions. Despite repeatedly updated national and international guidelines on this topic, medical practitioners are not always fully aware of antibiotic prophylaxis of IE. After a brief consideration of the etiological, pathogenetic features and risk factors of the disease, the main provisions of 2015 European Society of Cardiology guidelines on IE prevention, which were approved by the Russian Society of Cardiology, are presented. The categories of patients with the highest risk of IE, procedures associated with an increased risk of IE (dental and other invasive procedures) are described in detail. The main practical approaches to the identification of risk groups and performing invasive procedures that influence the decision to prescribe antibiotic prophylaxis are described. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of both first-line antibiotic drugs and alternative agents for penicillin allergy or in cases of β-lactamase secreting pathogens.

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Interventional Treatment of Acute Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Infectious Endocarditis: A Bridge to Surgical or Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Replacement

Callegari,

Albertini,

Reverdito

et al. 2024

Cathet Cardio Intervent

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BackgroundInfective endocarditis (IE) poses significant risks following percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) or surgical replacement (PVR).AimsThis study evaluates the effectiveness of emergency percutaneous treatment in stabilizing patients with severe right ventricular dysfunction or obstructive cardiac shock, allowing for delayed surgical or percutaneous valve replacement.MethodsThis retrospective study examines 16 patients (age 19.9 [15.1–43.3] years) with right‐sided IE treated with primary percutaneous intervention. Data collected included cardiac diagnosis, valve types, pathogens identified, procedural details, and outcomes.ResultsUnderlying diagnoses included aortic valve stenosis post‐Ross surgery (43%), repaired tetralogy of Fallot (25%), common arterial trunk (18%), and repaired double outlet right ventricle (14%). Valve types varied, with Contegra Ven‐Pro (56%) and Melody‐valve (25%) being the most common. Diagnosis of IE occurred 66.5 (28.3–87.4) months postlast intervention/surgery, with emergency percutaneous treatment performed 2 (1–17) days postdiagnosis. Clinical presentations included obstructive cardiac shock (50%) and septic shock (25%). Preintervention RVOT velocity was 4.4 (4.2–5) m/s, with severely reduced RV function in 68%. Interventions included balloon dilatation, uncovered or covered stent implantation, and Melody valve implantation. Immediate resolution of RVOT obstruction was achieved in all patients, with significant reductions in RV systolic pressures (mean reduction 42.0 (30.2–50.0) mmHg) and improved RV function. No periprocedural deaths occurred, but one complication was noted. Follow‐up included surgical repair (68%) and PPVI (18%). Mortality included one IE relapse and one surgical death.ConclusionsEmergency percutaneous interventions can stabilize patients with RVOT obstruction due to IE, enabling delayed surgical or percutaneous interventions.

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Infective Endocarditis: A Contemporary Review

Cited by 153 publications

References 79 publications

A Novel Approach for Detecting Unique Variations among Infectious Bacterial Species in Endocarditic Cardiac Valve Vegetation

A Novel Approach for Detecting Unique Variations among Infectious Bacterial Species in Endocarditic Cardiac Valve Vegetation

Practical aspects of infective endocarditis prevention

Interventional Treatment of Acute Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Infectious Endocarditis: A Bridge to Surgical or Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Replacement

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