Infectivity and Antigenicity of Streptomycin-Dependent Salmonella typhosa

Reitman, Morton

doi:10.1093/infdis/117.1.101

Cited by 38 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The modern search for a live oral typhoid vaccine perhaps began with the evaluation of streptomycin-dependent strains of S. p h i as oral vaccines. These strains grow poorly in the absence of the antibiotic (Reitman, 1967). Early encouraging results obtained with non-lyophilized vaccines were not repeatable when attempted with lyophilized preparations, a step essential for practical vaccine development.…”

Section: Early Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The molecular basis for the virulence of bacterial pathogens: implications for oral vaccine development

Dougan

1994

Microbiology

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Section: Early Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The molecular basis for the virulence of bacterial pathogens: implications for oral vaccine development

Dougan

1994

Microbiology

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“…Streptomycin-dependent Salmonella strains described by Reitman and Iverson (120,121) and Mel et al (98) were isolated after repeated cultivation of pathogenic S. typhi in the presence of streptomycin. The rationale used to obtain these strains is that the organisms can become dependent on the antibiotic without exposure to more severe mutagenic agents that might destroy important protective antigens in the bacterial cell.…”

Section: Streptomycin-dependent Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral immunization using live attenuated Salmonella spp. as carriers of foreign antigens

1992

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A variety of techniques, including the use of live oral vaccines, have been used to deliver antigens to the gut-associated lymphoid tissues in an attempt to initiate production of specific secretory immunoglobulin A for protection against pathogens that colonize or cross mucosal surfaces to initiate infection. A number of attenuated Salmonella mutants are able to interact with the lymphoid tissues in the Peyer's patches but are not able to cause systemic disease. Some of these mutants are effective as live vaccines (i.e., able to protect against infection with the virulent Salmonella parent) and are candidates for use as carriers for virulence determinants of other mucosal pathogens. This has been shown to be an effective means of stimulating significant levels of specific mucosal secretory immunoglobulin A directed against the carrier strains and against a variety of heterologous antigens and has been shown to stimulate production of serum antibodies and cell-mediated responses as well. This review examines the history of this mechanism of vaccine delivery and summarizes the most recent applications of this evolving technology. This is a technique for vaccine delivery with significant potential for influencing the management of infectious diseases on a large scale. It can be used not only for vaccines against enteric bacterial pathogens but also for vaccines against a variety of other bacteria, viruses, and parasites. The results obtained to date are encouraging, and there is great potential for development of safe, effective, affordable vaccines.

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“…Early attempts to attenuate Salmonella involved the use of mutants of S. typhi which were dependent on streptomycin for growth in vitro [6]. Further attempts resulted in the construction of a practical multi-dose oral typhoid vaccine, Ty21a [7], which has been successfully licensed for use in many countries after its efficacy was demonstrated in field trials [8].…”

Section: Rational Attenuation Of Salmonella Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of oral vaccines based on live attenuated Salmonella strains

Chatfield

1993

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

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Safe, live attenuated Salmonella strains can be produced by introducing defined non-reverting mutations into the chromosome. Such rationally attenuated strains have proved to be excellent oral vaccines in several animal species and can therefore be considered as candidate vaccines against invasive salmonellosis in both animals and man. A panel of attenuating lesions is now available from which it is possible to tailor the level of attenuation and hence produce strains with different immunogenic properties. Because of the spectrum of immune responses produced by such Salmonella vaccine strains they have been utilised extensively as vectors for delivering heterologous antigens to the mammalian immune system. We have focussed on the development of a single dose oral tetanus vaccine based on attenuated Salmonella strains expressing a non-toxic, immunogenic protein derived from tetanus toxin (fragment C). Several different expression systems have been used for fragment C and candidate vaccine strains have been constructed that are capable of protecting orally immunised mice against a lethal challenge with tetanus toxin. An oral tetanus vaccine may help to reduce the mortality rate from tetanus in the developing world by overcoming the problems associated with the implementation of vaccine programmes using the current parenteral vaccine.

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Infectivity and Antigenicity of Streptomycin-Dependent Salmonella typhosa

Cited by 38 publications

References 3 publications

The molecular basis for the virulence of bacterial pathogens: implications for oral vaccine development

The molecular basis for the virulence of bacterial pathogens: implications for oral vaccine development

Oral immunization using live attenuated Salmonella spp. as carriers of foreign antigens

The development of oral vaccines based on live attenuated Salmonella strains

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