Infectivity and reproductive potential of the Oswego strain of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora associated with life stages of the clover root curculio, Sitona hispidulus

Loya, Lane J.; Hower, Arthur A.

doi:10.1016/s0022-2011(03)00044-2

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Differences in reproduction (i.e., production of F 1 generation infective juveniles) between nematode species have been documented for many insect hosts (Ali et al 2006;Karunakar et al 1999). The size and behaviour of nematode species may account for differences in nematode ability to reproduce in the host (Loya and Hower 2003). Bhatnagar et al (2004) also reported that H. bacteriophora being the smaller in size, produces more IJs per cadaver of infected host than S. glaseri, which is larger in size, against the final instar grubs of Maladera insanabilis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of indigenous entomopathogenic nematodes from Meghalaya, India against the larvae of taro leaf beetle, Aplosonyx chalybaeus (Hope)

Yadav

Lalramliana

2012

J Parasit Dis

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The efficacy of three entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) species, Heterorhabditis indica, Steinernema thermophilum, and S. glaseri, from Meghalaya, India was studied against the larvae of taro leaf beetle, Aplosonyx chalybaeus (Hope) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), under the laboratory conditions. The beetle larvae (grubs) were exposed to 25, 50, 75, 100 and 200 infective juveniles (IJs) of each nematode species for different time periods and they were found to be susceptible to all the EPNs tested. However, the susceptibility of grubs to nematode infection varied according to the dosages of IJs and their exposure periods. Appreciably good performance was achieved by S. glaseri, which showed 100 % mortality of insect larvae in 48 h exposure time. At 48 h of incubation, its LC50 value was 90.3 IJs/larva, which was lower than that of S. thermophilum (115.0 IJs/larva) and H. indica (186.0 IJs/larva), at the same exposure time. All the tested nematode species were also found to reproduce within the host and produced infective juveniles. H. indica, however, showed comparatively more production of IJs per cadaver of infected host (168.9 × 10(3) IJs/larva), as compared to the other two tested nematode species. The production of IJs per cadaver of infected host by S. thermophilum was recorded to be 82.0 × 10(3) IJs/larva. In case of S. glaseri, while production of IJs increased initially to 18.9 × 10(3) IJs/larva at concentration of 100 IJs/larva, it declined thereafter to 14.7 × 10(3) IJs/larva at the dose of 200 IJs/larva. In conclusion, the evidence obtained in this study suggests that all the three indigenous EPN species are virulent enough to produce 100 % mortality in the last instar larvae of A. chalybaeus. These EPN species thus have potential scope for the management of A. chalybaeus in taro crops.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of indigenous entomopathogenic nematodes from Meghalaya, India against the larvae of taro leaf beetle, Aplosonyx chalybaeus (Hope)

Yadav

Lalramliana

2012

J Parasit Dis

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“…These results show that the indigenous strain might provide better performance against this pest in situ and a longer persistence in the soil, being already adapted to the environmental conditions of the ecosystem. This was also concluded by many laboratory and field studies (Dillon, Ward, Downes, & Griffin, 2006;Dolinski, Del Valle, & Stuart, 2006;Loya & Hower, 2003;Schroeder, Ferguson, Shields, & Villani, 1994;Torr, Stuart, & Wilson, 2007;Triggiani & Tarasco, 2002). However, introducing additional EPNs in the soil, despite being indigenous, might negatively affect the balance of entomofauna in the soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Comparison of indigenous and exotic entomopathogenic nematode strains for control of the cedar web-spinning sawfly,Cephalcia tannourinensis in vitro

Noujeim

Rehayem

Nemer

2015

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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Cedars of Lebanon Cedrus libani have been attacked since 1990s by a hymenopteran sawfly, Cephalcia tannourinensis (Chevin), causing considerable damage to the foliar buds. A biological control programme using entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) was conducted in vitro against C. tannourinensis prenymphs. Two EPNs strains belonging to the same species Heterorhabditis bacteriophora were used; one indigenous to the country (LIB04) and the other a commercial strain (HbCom). Four EPNs concentration rates (40, 100, 250, 480 infective juveniles) were tested against C. tannourinensis prenymphs. Higher mortality was noted for the indigenous strain, LIB04, independently from all concentrations (100%). Emergence of EPNs was observed following 12-17 days from the first contact between EPNs and C. tannourinensis prenymphs. This parameter indicated that EPNs succeeded to complete all their reproductive cycle inside the C. tannourinensis cadavers before emerging. Bioassays were realised in jars containing soil extracted from the forest in order to validate the scenario suggested for application in situ. Most C. tannourinensis prenymphs were attacked by the EPNs on the surface.

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“…All statistical analyses were carried out using SAS software, version 9.1 (SAS Institute, 2002-2003.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another reason for higher reproduction rate of H. bacteriophora in the host larvae might be due to size and behaviour of EPN species. Loya & Hower (2003) also suggested that size and behaviour of nematode species may be a reason for variations in reproduction of H. bacteriophora in different life stages of the clover root curculio, Sitona hispidulus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of two entomopathogenic nematode species as potential biocontrol agents against the rosaceae longhorned beetle, Osphranteria coerulescens, under laboratory conditions

Sharifi

Karimi

Hosseini

et al. 2014

Nematol

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Summary -Rosaceae longhorned beetle, Osphranteria coerulescens, is an important pest of fruit trees that attacks all fruit trees belonging to the family Rosaceae in cold regions of Iran. The potential efficacy of two species of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae, against last instar larvae of this pest was tested under laboratory conditions. In plate assays, the larvae were susceptible to both EPN species but were more susceptible to S. carpocapsae (65.0-97.5% mortality) than H. bacteriophora (42.5-87.8%). Both nematode species were able to penetrate and reproduce within O. coerulescens larvae, but reproduction rate for H. bacteriophora was higher than those of S. carpocapsae; however, the penetration rate for S. carpocapsae was greater than H. bacteriophora. In a migration test on agar plate, S. carpocapsae showed negligible attraction to the pest or to Galleria mellonella cues. However, H. bacteriophora was strongly attracted to the sector of Petri dishes containing larvae. In a test using apricot tree branches, both species of EPN passed from mass frass of O. coerulescens larvae in the tip of the branches, penetrated into the larval galleries, and located and killed the larvae of O. coerulescens in their natural habitat deep inside the branches. Our findings provide the first insight into the biocontrol efficacy of EPN against O. coerulescens larvae, and highlight their potential for the control of this pest. Field experiments are needed to evaluate their potential under the environmental conditions in which rosaceae longhorned beetle larvae are found.Keywords -attraction, behaviour, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, insect pathology, reproduction, Steinernema carpocapsae, virulence.Rosaceae longhorned beetle, Osphranteria coerulescens Redtenbacher (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is an economically important pest of fruit trees in cold regions of Iran, Turkey and Syria. This beetle attacks all stone and pome fruit trees belonging to the family Rosaceae, as well as Japanese quince, oleaster, willow and elm (Rajabi, 1967). Adult beetles are active from late May to mid-June. Female insects prefer spring twigs for egg laying. Adult beetles lay a single egg into the upper part of twigs. Each insect lay 30-75 eggs and the average number is 52 (Sharifi et al., 1970). When larvae emerge, they bore through the cambium and hardwood (Behdad, 1974) penetrating into the centre of branches where they feed for a year (Rajabi, 1967). In thick branches and trunks, movement of O. coerulescens larvae and their feeding cause the branch to become fragile, and easily * Corresponding author, e-mail: jkb@ferdowsi.um.ac.ir broken by wind (Esmaeili, 1983). The obvious sign of pest infestation is readily apparent when the tips of infested twigs break off and then larger branches break off as larval boring proceeds. The larva requires 11 months to develop while the pupa completes development during 22-24 days. This pest causes extensive damage to living rosaceous trees in Iran (Sharifi...

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Infectivity and reproductive potential of the Oswego strain of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora associated with life stages of the clover root curculio, Sitona hispidulus

Cited by 24 publications

References 37 publications

Efficacy of indigenous entomopathogenic nematodes from Meghalaya, India against the larvae of taro leaf beetle, Aplosonyx chalybaeus (Hope)

Efficacy of indigenous entomopathogenic nematodes from Meghalaya, India against the larvae of taro leaf beetle, Aplosonyx chalybaeus (Hope)

Comparison of indigenous and exotic entomopathogenic nematode strains for control of the cedar web-spinning sawfly,Cephalcia tannourinensis in vitro

Efficacy of two entomopathogenic nematode species as potential biocontrol agents against the rosaceae longhorned beetle, Osphranteria coerulescens, under laboratory conditions

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