Inference of link between diabetes, obesity, and thyroid dysfunction in data at a Saudi Arabian clinic

Abstract

The clinical link among diabetes, obesity, and thyroid dysfunction is of interest. Hence, medical records of 601 patients with diabetes, obesity, and thyroid dysfunctions at the Abha Specialist Center and Military Diabetic Endocrine Center we used in this analysis. Approximately 28% of diabetic patients had thyroid dysfunction, and 12.4% were vitamin D deficient. The patients with thyroid dysfunction had significantly elevated triglyceride levels compared to the patients without thyroid dysfunction (173.6 vs. 128. p=0.009). Vitamin D deficient obese patients were significantly younger (33.99±10.69 vs. 43.68±14.42; p<0.001) and had significantly lower levels of HbA1c (5.73±1.16 vs. 6.83±2.08; p=0.014) and lower systolic BP (120.26±11.75 vs. 124.58±13.63; p=0.049) than non-vitamin D deficient obese patients. Vitamin D deficient thyroid patients had significantly lower diastolic BP (71.4±9.9 vs. 74.9±9.7; p=0.040) and higher HbA1c (8.7±3.6 vs. 6.4±1.7; p=0.003) in comparison to non-vitamin D deficient thyroid patients. Hence, analysis of metabolic disorders in these patients will help combat complications in these cases.

A cross-sectional assessment of knowledge, awareness of risk factors, and perceptions of thyroid disease (TD) among adults living in Saudi Arabia – A community based study

“…The incidence of metabolic disease has been increasing in recent years, which has made individuals pay more attention ( 16 , 17 ). In particular, the prevalence of obesity, thyroid, and diabetes are on the rise in both Saudi Arabia and other international countries ( 16 – 19 ), which are significantly associated with multiple comorbidities, which in turn raise the mortality and disability rates over the world.…”

“…The incidence of metabolic disease has been increasing in recent years, which has made individuals pay more attention ( 16 , 17 ). In particular, the prevalence of obesity, thyroid, and diabetes are on the rise in both Saudi Arabia and other international countries ( 16 – 19 ), which are significantly associated with multiple comorbidities, which in turn raise the mortality and disability rates over the world. There is not much literature available nationally and internationally about the knowledge and perceptions of individuals toward thyroid disease; however, most of the literature reported was identified in other regions of Saudi Arabia and neighboring countries ( 1 , 5 , 10 ).…”

Knowledge of Thyroid Disease Manifestations and Risk Factors Among population of the Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia

“…People have become more aware as the prevalence of metabolic diseases has been rising in recent years. In particular, obesity, thyroid disorders, and diabetes are becoming more common in Saudi Arabia as well as other nations [7,8]. These conditions are strongly linked to a variety of comorbid conditions, which in turn increase death and disability rates around the world [7][8][9].…”

“…Exclusion Criteria: We excluded those who have cognitive problems or are unable to respond to the questionnaire and those who refuse to participate in this study. The questionnaire included 25 questions about the knowledge of: terminology (3), manifestations (15) and risk factors (7). (Table 1).…”

“…Thyroid disease diagnosis and evaluation typically involve the use of thyroid function test panels [6]. The American Thyroid Association states that adults should begin thyroid screening using serum TSH at age 35 and then every five years after that [6,7]. The objective of this research is to know the extent of information about thyroid disease in the Tabuk population by estimating knowledge of thyroid disease manifestations and risk factors among the population of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.…”