Inferior Vena Cava Anomalies—A Common Cause of DVT and PE Commonly Not Diagnosed

Nanda, Sudip; Bhatt, Surya P.; Turki, Mohamed

doi:10.1097/maj.0b013e318155748d

Cited by 16 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Therefore, pre‐operative vascular imaging may prove valuable to confirm normal retroperitoneal anatomy. If an IVC filter is correctly placed in a patient and pulmonary embolism develops post‐operatively, this may potentially indicate a second thrombotic source such as a double IVC (Lewis, ; Sartori et al, ; Nanda et al, ).…”

Section: Duplicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical anatomy of the inferior vena cava: A review of common congenital anomalies and considerations for clinicians

et al. 2014

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Anomalies in the course and drainage of the Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) may complicate normal functioning, correct diagnosis, and therapeutic interventions within the abdomen. Development of the IVC occurs during the 4th to 8th week of gestation, and due to its developmental complexity, there are many opportunities for malformations to occur. Although most IVC anomalies are clinically silent and are usually discovered incidentally on abdominal imaging, aberrations may be responsible for formation of thrombosis, back pain, and anomalous circulation of blood to the heart. In this review, we will discuss the most common variations and abnormalities of the IVC, which include the posterior cardinal veins, the subcardinal veins, the supracardinal veins, persistent left IVC, IVC duplication, situs inversus, left retroaortic renal vein, left circumaortic renal collar, scimitar syndrome, and IVC agenesis. For each abnormality outlined above, we aim to discuss relevant embryology and potential clinical significance with regards to presentation, diagnosis, and treatment as is important for radiologists, surgeons, and clinicians in current clinical practice.

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Section: Duplicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical anatomy of the inferior vena cava: A review of common congenital anomalies and considerations for clinicians

et al. 2014

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“…This increases the chance of thromboembolic events in these anomalous veins. Recurrence of emboli from deep vein thromboses of the lower extremities in the presence of an IVC filter may suggest the presence IVC duplication [31]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalies of the inferior vena cava and renal veins and implications for renal surgery

Eldefrawy¹,

Arianayagam²,

Kanagarajah³

et al. 2011

cejurol1/2011

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Abnormalities of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and renal veins are extremely rare. However, with the increasing use of computed tomography (CT), these anomalies are more frequently diagnosed. The majority of venous anomalies are asymptomatic and they include left sided IVC, duplicated IVC, absent IVC as well as retro-aortic and circumaortic renal veins. The embryological development of the IVC is complex and involves the development and regression of three sets of paired veins. During renal surgery, undiagnosed venous anomalies may lead to major complications. There may be significant hemorrhage or damage to vascular structures. In addition, aberrant vessels may be mistaken for lymphadenopathy and may be biopsied. In this review we discuss the embryology of the IVC and the possible anomalies of IVC and its tributaries paying particular attention to diagnosis and implications for renal surgery.

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“…Though other studies have noted naturally-occurring recirculation regions downstream of the renal inflow in normal IVC anatomy [22,21], this is the first report of flow recirculation in the infrarenal IVC. This may be clinically significant, as higher occurrence rates of DVT have been reported in patients with IVC anomalies [23,24,25,26,27,28,29]. Near-stagnant, recirculating flow also occurred downstream of the IVC filter following embolus placement in each patient IVC, with larger recirculation regions in the left-sided IVC.…”

Section: Patient-specific Hemodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Specifically, after obtaining Institutional Review Board exemption (Penn State), veins were imaged with 0.87 mm per pixel in-plane resolution and 1.5 mm per pixel out-of-plane resolution [18]. Two IVC anomalies were chosen, in part to investigate their possible association with DVT [23,24,25,26,27,28,29]: a left-sided IVC (0.2-0.5% of the population) and an IVC with a retroaortic left renal vein (1.7-3.4% of the population) [6]. While these specific anomalies represent less than 5% of the population, the overall incidence of renal vein anomalies is much higher (about 20-30% [30]).…”

Section: Computational Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computational Method for Predicting Inferior Vena Cava Filter Performance on a Patient-Specific Basis

Aycock

Campbell

Manning

et al. 2014

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering

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Inferior Vena Cava Anomalies—A Common Cause of DVT and PE Commonly Not Diagnosed

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

The clinical anatomy of the inferior vena cava: A review of common congenital anomalies and considerations for clinicians

The clinical anatomy of the inferior vena cava: A review of common congenital anomalies and considerations for clinicians

Anomalies of the inferior vena cava and renal veins and implications for renal surgery

A Computational Method for Predicting Inferior Vena Cava Filter Performance on a Patient-Specific Basis

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