Inferring Porosity from Frequency Dependent Attenuation in Cortical Bone Mimicking Porous Media

White, Rebekah; Yousefian, Omid; Banks, Harvey Thomas; Müller, Marie

doi:10.1109/ultsym.2018.8579776

2018 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS) 2018

DOI: 10.1109/ultsym.2018.8579776

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Inferring Porosity from Frequency Dependent Attenuation in Cortical Bone Mimicking Porous Media

Rebekah White

Omid Yousefian

Harvey Thomas Banks

et al.

Abstract: Osteoporosis affects porosity in cortical bone. Quantifying levels of osteoporosis by inferring the micro-architectural properties from ultrasonic wave attenuation in cortical bone has yet to be done. In this work we use a phenomenological, power law model to describe the frequency dependent attenuation in non-absorbing porous media mimicking a simplified cortical bone structure. We optimize this model to fit data generated using a finite-difference, time domain (FDTD) numerical simulation. Model parameters ar… Show more

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Modeling ultrasound attenuation in porous structures with mono-disperse random pore distributions using the independent scattering approximation: a 2D simulation study

2019

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Osteoporosis is increasingly prevalent, and the societal impact of age-related bone loss is becoming progressively greater. It is estimated that 4-6 million U.S. women have osteoporosis, and that 13-17 million have osteopenia (Looker et al 1997). The gold standard for the diagnosis of osteoporosis is the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy x ray absorptiometry (DXA) for trabecular/cancellous bone and high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) for cortical bone. However, measuring bone density alone does not reflect the changes in bone microstructure associated with osteopenia. Women with osteopenia account for the highest number of fragility fractures, although they remain untreated because of their relatively high areal BMD (Bala et al 2014). In fact, over half of the patients with insufficiency fractures exhibit normal BMD scores (Schuit et al 2004, Sornay-Rendu et al 2005. For a given solid volume fraction or density, two structures with different micro-architectures can have very different mechanical competences. The information provided by BMD is only part of the picture, because it only reflects changes in overall bone mass, and does not account for changes in the micro-architecture. However, osteoporosis and osteopenia affect the micro-structure of cortical bone, through changes in average pore diameter and pore density (Schaffler and Burr 1988, McCalden et al 1993, Yerramshetty and Akkus 2012, Chen et al 2013. The definition of osteoporosis was updated in 2001, and includes both low bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue (NIH Consensus Development Panel on Osteoporosis Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy 2001). Bio-mechanical and morphometry testing have revealed strong correlations between cortical bone material properties and intracortical porosity (Augat and Schorlemmer 2006). The mechanical competence of cortical bone strongly depends on these two parameters (Osterhoff et al 2016). The size and number of pores determine intracortical porosity, which accounts for almost 55% of yield stress and 70% of elastic modulus (Neil Dong and Edward Guo 2004). Fracture toughness also decreases significantly with increasing porosity, possibly by diminishing the net loading area (Yeni et al 1997). All of these results lead to the conclusion that combining micro-structural with bone mass assessment in cortical bone improves the screening for osteoporosis and the prediction of

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Modeling ultrasound attenuation in porous structures with mono-disperse random pore distributions using the independent scattering approximation: a 2D simulation study

2019

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Inferring Porosity from Frequency Dependent Attenuation in Cortical Bone Mimicking Porous Media

Cited by 1 publication

References 25 publications

Modeling ultrasound attenuation in porous structures with mono-disperse random pore distributions using the independent scattering approximation: a 2D simulation study

Modeling ultrasound attenuation in porous structures with mono-disperse random pore distributions using the independent scattering approximation: a 2D simulation study

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