Infestations of Boll Weevils in Isolated Plots of Cotton 10 Texas, 1960-6912

Walker, J. K.; Bottrell, Dale G.

doi:10.1093/jee/63.5.1646

“…Thus, differences in weevil population levels among plant phenological stages may have been further obscured by a decrease in collection efÞciency of the KISS with increasing plant development. Walker and Bottrell (1970), Roach et al (1971), and White and Rummel (1978) indicated that colonization of overwintered weevils was coincident with the onset of fruiting. However, we collected considerable numbers of adult weevils before the occurrence of matchhead or one-third grown squares (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous reports indicate that boll weevil colonization markedly increases at the onset of fruiting (Walker and Bottrell 1970, Roach et al 1971, White and Rummel 1978. Further, presence of male boll weevils may inßuence colonization patterns through the production of a pheromone that attracts both sexes (Keller et al 1964, Hardee et al 1969.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Early-Season Colonization Patterns of the Boll Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Central Texas Cotton

Reardon

¹

,

Spurgeon

²

2003

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It is commonly believed that colonization of early-season cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., by overwintered boll weevils, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman, is concentrated on field margins. However, supporting experimental evidence is not available. In 1999 and 2000, we examined colonization patterns of overwintered boll weevils in Central Texas cotton on the bases of adult collections by a pneumatic sampler and hand collections of abscised infested squares. Samples were taken from sites arranged in a grid that extended inward >70 m from the field margin. Adults were collected from shortly after seedling emergence until the flowering stage, and infested squares were collected during the one-third grown square stage. Despite numerical trends, the numbers of adult weevils collected were not significantly different between years or sexes, or among plant phenological stages. Field-to-field variation among collections was considerable and likely prevented detection of differences among these factors. Spatial patterns represented by adult weevil and infested square collections were examined by logistic regressions fitted to the respective probabilities of weevil detection at each designated sample site. Although we observed trends for slightly decreased probability of weevil detection with increased distance from the field margin, these trends were too weak to be demonstrated statistically. Our results indicate the boll weevil does not consistently exhibit a strong edge-oriented colonization pattern, and that management tactics that are predicated on these patterns, such as border sprays, should be used with caution.

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“…The lower percentage of reproductive active females in an environment without adequate food allocate resources for survival and not for reproduction [ 19 ], explaining the lower percentage of reproductively active females. The behavior of males, on the contrary, is to find the host and release a pheromone attracting both sexes [ 36 , 37 ]. Therefore, they may need to remain reproductively active, but this disagrees with the statement that a diet for 7–14 days that favors reproduction in adult boll weevils in reproductive diapause stimulates female reproduction [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and Morphometry of the Reproductive Tract of the Cotton Boll Weevil after Prolonged Feeding on Alternative Diets

Carvalho

¹

,

Martins

²

,

SILVA

³

et al. 2023

Insects

1

0

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Anthonomus grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) survives on alternative diets; however, this induces reproductive diapause. The objective was to evaluate the morphology and morphometry of the reproductive tract of this weevil after feeding on alternative diets. The experimental design was completely randomized with 160 replications and treatments arranged in a factorial design 3 × 3, represented by A. grandis adults fed on 3 food types (fragments of banana (T1) or orange (T2) endocarp, or with cotton squares of cultivar BRS 286 (T3, control)) and three evaluation periods (30, 60, and 90 days) and after each of these periods they were fed with cotton squares for 10 days. The reproductive tract of 100% of A. grandis females fed banana endocarp, orange endocarp, and cotton squares for 30 and 60 days and then cotton squares were morphologically adequate for reproduction, and after 90 days, only 50% of those fed cotton squares were in this condition. The length of the ovarioles and the width of the mature oocyte were greater for A. grandis fed on cotton squares and smaller in those with banana and orange endocarps. Histological sections reveal that male testes even with strong degenerative signals are already producing spermatozoa. On the other hand, females displayed ovaries with nurse cells in the tropharium and some maturing oocytes in the vitellarium. The body length was longer and the testis area and diameter smaller in males fed on cotton squares than in those with banana and orange endocarp. Anthonomus grandis females fed for ≥90 days with alternative food sources do not recover the functionality of their reproductive tract, even after consuming, for 10 days, a diet that favors reproduction. On the other hand, the males remain with their reproductive organs functional with this condition.

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“…Statistical Analyses. Previous reports indicate that boll weevil colonization markedly increases at the onset of fruiting (Walker and Bottrell 1970, Roach et al 1971, White and Rummel 1978. Further, presence of male boll weevils may inßuence colonization patterns through the production of a pheromone that attracts both sexes (Keller et al 1964, Hardee et al 1969.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Early-Season Colonization Patterns of the Boll Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Central Texas Cotton

Reardon

¹

,

Spurgeon

²

2003

Journal of Economic Entomology

3

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is commonly believed that colonization of early-season cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., by overwintered boll weevils, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman, is concentrated on field margins. However, supporting experimental evidence is not available. In 1999 and 2000, we examined colonization patterns of overwintered boll weevils in Central Texas cotton on the bases of adult collections by a pneumatic sampler and hand collections of abscised infested squares. Samples were taken from sites arranged in a grid that extended inward >70 m from the field margin. Adults were collected from shortly after seedling emergence until the flowering stage, and infested squares were collected during the one-third grown square stage. Despite numerical trends, the numbers of adult weevils collected were not significantly different between years or sexes, or among plant phenological stages. Field-to-field variation among collections was considerable and likely prevented detection of differences among these factors. Spatial patterns represented by adult weevil and infested square collections were examined by logistic regressions fitted to the respective probabilities of weevil detection at each designated sample site. Although we observed trends for slightly decreased probability of weevil detection with increased distance from the field margin, these trends were too weak to be demonstrated statistically. Our results indicate the boll weevil does not consistently exhibit a strong edge-oriented colonization pattern, and that management tactics that are predicated on these patterns, such as border sprays, should be used with caution.

show abstract

Infestations of Boll Weevils in Isolated Plots of Cotton 10 Texas, 1960-6912

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Early-Season Colonization Patterns of the Boll Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Central Texas Cotton

Early-Season Colonization Patterns of the Boll Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Central Texas Cotton

Morphology and Morphometry of the Reproductive Tract of the Cotton Boll Weevil after Prolonged Feeding on Alternative Diets

Early-Season Colonization Patterns of the Boll Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Central Texas Cotton

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