Infiltration Characteristics of Granitic Residual Soil of Various Weathering Grades

Ali, Faisal; Huat, Bujang B. K.; Low, Tian Huat

doi:10.3844/ajessp.2005.64.68

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Results of the soil-moisture retention curves show variations with location of samples; a feature that is supported by a study involving the daily measurements of suction, moisture and temperature as well as rainfall, between 25/01/1992 and 12/05/1992 at depths of 30, 92 and 124 cm in morphological sub-zones IC, IIA, IIB and IIC of the weathering profile being discussed (Ali et al, 2005;. The study showed the value of suction to vary with depth and soil weathering grade; earth materials of sub-zone IC generally having the highest values of suction and those of sub-zone IIC having the lowest values.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…The weathering profiles are found in undulating to hilly and mountainous terrain and often considered to be equivalent with 'residual soils', though the term 'residual soil' should strictly only refer to that part of the weathering profile whose economic excavation would not require the use of explosives (United States Bureau of Reclamation, 1974). Weathering profiles furthermore, are usually located above zones of unconfined groundwater and they have thus been called "unsaturated soils" in geotechnical literature; such soils being characterized by the presence of suction (or negative pore-water pressures) (Ali et al, 2005). The relationship between moisture content and suction is expressed by the soil-water characteristic curve and is a fundamental relationship that needs to be determined in investigations of unsaturated soils (Vanapalli et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil-moisture Retention Characteristics of Earth Materials in the Weathering Profile over a Porphyritic Biotite Granite

Raj

2010

American Journal of Geoscience

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Problem statement: Three broad morphological zones and several sub-zones were differentiated within the weathering profile based on variations in earth materials and the degree of preservation of original bedrock minerals, textures and structures. Approach: The topmost Zone I (Grade 6) is some 12 m thick and comprises completely weathered bedrock materials (mainly a stiff, clayey sand) with indistinct relict bedrock textures. Results: The intermediate Zone II (Grades 3, 4 and 5) is some 30 m thick and consists of in situ, moderately to highly weathered bedrock materials (mostly friable, gravelly silty sands and coreboulders) that indistinctly to distinctly preserve the original bedrock minerals, textures and structures; the degree of preservation increasing with depth. The bottom Zone III (Grade 2) consists of continuous bedrock with effects of weathering only along and between structural discontinuity planes; the earth materials of zones I and II thus representing the residual soil over bedrock. Constant volume samples show a general increase in porosity, silt and clay fractions up the weathering profile, but a corresponding decrease in the sand and gravel fractions with sub-zone IC having the highest density and lowest porosity. Soil-moisture retention curves, determined with the pressure plate method, show increasing suctions from 0-4.19 pF (0 to-1,500 kPa) with decreasing moisture contents of 35-18% for sub-zone IC samples, 32-7% for sub-zone IIB samples and some 25-4% for sub-zone IID samples. Conclusion/Recommendations: These soil-moisture retention variations reflect textural differences and point to the inherent role of suction in the unsaturated earth materials. Differences in the volumes of calculated drainage and storage pores indicate that the earth materials of sub-zone IC will have the lowest rates of infiltration and percolation, whilst those of subzone IID will have the fastest rates and those from sub-zone IIB, intermediate rates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil-moisture Retention Characteristics of Earth Materials in the Weathering Profile over a Porphyritic Biotite Granite

Raj

2010

American Journal of Geoscience

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“…Furthermore, the infiltration rate of tuff is higher with the high degree of weathering; namely, the infiltration rate of moderately weathered tuff is 0.11 cm/second to 0.131 cm/second, highly weathered tuff is 0.168 cm/second to 0.412 cm/second, and completely weathered tuff is 0.346 cm/second to 0.512 cm/second. This phenomenon is in line with the results of research by Ali et al (2005), who found that the infiltration rate will be higher if the weathering grade is higher because the rock is destroyed. Consequently, its permeability and porosity become large.…”

Section: Landslide Slip Surfacesupporting

confidence: 90%

A new approach to determining the slip surface in tuff to determine the volume of landslide material: A case study on the West Sinjai road section, Sinjai Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Busthan,

Pachri,

Alimuddin

et al. 2024

J. Degrade. Min. Land Manage.

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Analysis of landslide slip surface based on the engineering properties of tuff rocks, including shear strength, water content, and infiltration rate on the West Sinjai road section, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the effect of shear strength, water content infiltration rate, and weathering grade of tufa rocks in the study area. The methods used in this study area included a study of weathered tuff profile characteristics, weathered tuff infiltration testing and residual soil (RS) determination of weathered tuff water content and residual soil, and testing of shear strength of weathered tuff and residual soil. This research used aspects of engineering geology, including shear strength, water content, and infiltration rate, as well as rock weathering grade to determine the slip surface in tuff to determine the volume of landslide material. The results showed that the tuff profile consisted of four grades, namely moderately weathered tuff (MW), highly weathered tuff (HW), completely weathered tuff (CW), and soil residual (RS). The rate of tuff infiltration increases with increasing weathering grade. The water content is more significant with the high degree of weathering of tuff. At the same time, the shear strength decreases with high weathering. Therefore, the research area is prone to landslide events. The slip surface is in a layer of moderately weathered tuff rock (MW), and those that experience landslides are highly weathered tuff rock (HW), completely weathered (CW), and residual soil (RS).

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Undrained Shear Strength Parameters of Saprock From a Weathering Profile Over Porphyritic Biotite Granite at Km 31 of the Kuala Lumpur - Karak Highway, Peninsular Malaysia

Raj¹

2021

MJCE

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Three broad zones can be differentiated at the weathering profile; an upper, 9.4 m thick, pedological soil (zone I), an intermediate, 31.7 m thick, saprock (zone II) and the bottom bedrock (zone III). The saprock (zone II) comprises gravelly silty sands that distinctly preserve the minerals, textures and structures of the original granite and can be separated into sub-zones II A, II B, II C, and II D, based on differences in preservation of relict structures and content of litho-relicts (core-boulders). To characterize the undrained strength of saprock, samples were collected from sub-zones II A, II B, II C and II D and their physical and soil index properties determined before unconsolidated undrained triaxial tests were carried out on remolded samples. Three to four individual samples from each sub-zone were compressed under confining pressures of 138 kPa, 207 kPa, 276 kPa and/or 345 kPa. Plots of pf = [(σ1 + σ3)/2] versus qf = [(σ1 - σ3)/2] were then used to calculate apparent cohesions of 41.9 kPa, 100.3 kPa, 76.1 kPa and 73.9 kPa, and friction angles of 32.2o, 28.1o, 26.6o and 27.8o, for the samples from sub-zones II A, II B, II C, and II D, respectively. Regression analyses show apparent cohesions to decrease with increasing clay contents, and degrees of saturation; features indicating the influence of negative pore water (or suction) pressures. Regression analyses also show apparent friction angle to increase with increasing sand contents; a feature attributed to greater inter-locking and resistance to displacement of these particles. It is concluded that the undrained shear strength parameters of saprock are characterized by an average apparent cohesion of 54.6 kPa, and friction angle of 30.5o; the parameters influenced by the degree of saturation as well as clay and sand contents.

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Infiltration Characteristics of Granitic Residual Soil of Various Weathering Grades

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Soil-moisture Retention Characteristics of Earth Materials in the Weathering Profile over a Porphyritic Biotite Granite

Soil-moisture Retention Characteristics of Earth Materials in the Weathering Profile over a Porphyritic Biotite Granite

A new approach to determining the slip surface in tuff to determine the volume of landslide material: A case study on the West Sinjai road section, Sinjai Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Undrained Shear Strength Parameters of Saprock From a Weathering Profile Over Porphyritic Biotite Granite at Km 31 of the Kuala Lumpur - Karak Highway, Peninsular Malaysia

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