Inflammation and psychopathology in children following PICU admission: an exploratory study

Caspani, Giorgia; Burcher, Georgina Corbet; Cooper, Marie; Pierce, Christine; Als, Lorraine C; Nadel, Simon

doi:10.1136/ebmental-2018-300027

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A heightened pro-inflammatory state, for instance, has been demonstrated to significantly suppress hippocampal neurogenesis, leading to decreased hippocampal volume, a neuroanatomical trait that marks vulnerability to PTSD. 27,28 Age also seemed to play a role in the development of PTSD symptoms, with younger patients more likely to develop them. This finding is in line with our previous assumption that younger patients would be more susceptible to social and occupational challenges after sepsis, while older patients would be more likely to adjust to limitations resulting from serious illness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors for post-traumatic stress, anxiety, and depression in sepsis survivors after ICU discharge

Calsavara

Costa

Nobre

et al. 2021

Braz. J. Psychiatry

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Objective: Sepsis survivors present a wide range of sequelae; few studies have evaluated psychiatric disorders after sepsis. The objective of this study was to define the prevalence of and risk factors for anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in sepsis survivors. Method: Anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress symptoms in severe sepsis and septic shock survivors 24 h and 1 year after intensive care unit (ICU) discharge were assessed using the Beck Anxiety/Depression Inventories and the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version. Differences in psychiatric symptoms over time and the influence of variables on these symptoms were calculated with marginal models. Results: A total of 33 patients were enrolled in the study. The frequencies of anxiety, depression and PTSD 24 h after ICU discharge were 67%, 49%, and 46%, respectively and, among patients reevaluated 1 year after ICU discharge, the frequencies were 38%, 50%, and 31%, respectively. Factors associated with PTSD included serum S100B level, age, and Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) score. Factors associated with depression included patient age and cumulative dose of dobutamine. IQCODE score and cumulative dose of haloperidol in the ICU were associated with anxiety after ICU discharge. Conclusion: Patients who survive sepsis have high levels of psychiatric symptoms. Sepsis and associated treatment-related exposures may have a role in increasing the risk of subsequent depression, anxiety, and PTSD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors for post-traumatic stress, anxiety, and depression in sepsis survivors after ICU discharge

Calsavara

Costa

Nobre

et al. 2021

Braz. J. Psychiatry

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“…The immune system represents a major component of gut-to-brain communication. While central immune cells and low levels of inflammatory mediators exert a variety of physiological roles in the brain (ranging from sleep to memory formation), sustained neuroinflammation has deleterious effects on brain function and has been associated with a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders [23]. The gut microbiota has important roles in shaping immune function throughout life.…”

Section: Pathways Of Microbiota-gut-brain-communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbial metabolites in depression: understanding the biochemical mechanisms

et al. 2019

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Gastrointestinal and central function are intrinsically connected by the gut microbiota, an ecosystem that has co-evolved with the host to expand its biotransformational capabilities and interact with host physiological processes by means of its metabolic products. Abnormalities in this microbiota-gut-brain axis have emerged as a key component in the pathophysiology of depression, leading to more research attempting to understand the neuroactive potential of the products of gut microbial metabolism. This review explores the potential for the gut microbiota to contribute to depression and focuses on the role that microbially-derived molecules – neurotransmitters, short-chain fatty acids, indoles, bile acids, choline metabolites, lactate and vitamins – play in the context of emotional behavior. The future of gut-brain axis research lies is moving away from association, towards the mechanisms underlying the relationship between the gut bacteria and depressive behavior. We propose that direct and indirect mechanisms exist through which gut microbial metabolites affect depressive behavior: these include (i) direct stimulation of central receptors, (ii) peripheral stimulation of neural, endocrine, and immune mediators, and (iii) epigenetic regulation of histone acetylation and DNA methylation. Elucidating these mechanisms is essential to expand our understanding of the etiology of depression, and to develop new strategies to harness the beneficial psychotropic effects of these molecules. Overall, the review highlights the potential for dietary interventions to represent such novel therapeutic strategies for major depressive disorder.

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“…These metabolites can directly or indirectly regulate the production of neurotransmitters (Galland, 2014 ). Immune cells and inflammatory mediators play various functions in the gut-brain axis communication ranging from physiological role in sleep and memory to pathophysiological role in neuropsychiatric conditions (Caspani et al, 2018 ). Litratures indicate that the patients with depression usually possess high concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (for instance; IL-6, and TNF-α) as compared with normal individuals (Dantzer et al, 2008 ; Dowlati et al, 2009 ).…”

Section: Altered Gut Activity Mediated Psychotic Changes In Severe Comentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS CoV-2 Organotropism Associated Pathogenic Relationship of Gut-Brain Axis and Illness

Shinu

Morsy

Deb

et al. 2020

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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COVID-19 has resulted in a pandemic after its first appearance in a pneumonia patient in China in early December 2019. As per WHO, this global outbreak of novel COVID-19 has resulted in 28,329,790 laboratory-confirmed cases and 911,877 deaths which have been reported from 210 countries as on 12th Sep 2020. The major symptoms at the beginning of COVID-19 are fever (98%), tussis (76%), sore throat (17%), rhinorrhea (2%), chest pain (2%), and myalgia or fatigue (44%). Furthermore, acute respiratory distress syndrome (61.1%), cardiac dysrhythmia (44.4%), shock (30.6%), hemoptysis (5%), stroke (5%), acute cardiac injury (12%), acute kidney injury (36.6%), dermatological symptoms with maculopapular exanthema (36.1%), and death can occur in severe cases. Even though human coronavirus (CoV) is mainly responsible for the infections of the respiratory tract, some studies have shown CoV (in case of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, SARS and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, MERS) to possess potential to spread to extra-pulmonary organs including the nervous system as well as gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Patients infected with COVID-19 have also shown symptoms associated with neurological and enteric infection like disorders related to smell/taste, loss of appetite, nausea, emesis, diarrhea, and pain in the abdomen. In the present review, we attempt to evaluate the understanding of basic mechanisms involved in clinical manifestations of COVID-19, mainly focusing on interaction of COVID-19 with gut-brain axis. This review combines both biological characteristics of the virus and its clinical manifestations in order to comprehend an insight into the fundamental potential mechanisms of COVID-19 virus infection, and thus endorse in the advancement of prophylactic and treatment strategies.

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Inflammation and psychopathology in children following PICU admission: an exploratory study

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Prevalence and risk factors for post-traumatic stress, anxiety, and depression in sepsis survivors after ICU discharge

Prevalence and risk factors for post-traumatic stress, anxiety, and depression in sepsis survivors after ICU discharge

Gut microbial metabolites in depression: understanding the biochemical mechanisms

SARS CoV-2 Organotropism Associated Pathogenic Relationship of Gut-Brain Axis and Illness

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