2020
DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2020.43
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Inflammation as a treatment target in mood disorders: review

Abstract: Background Mood disorders, i.e. major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorders, are leading sources of disability worldwide. Currently available treatments do not yield remission in approximately a third of patients with a mood disorder. This is in part because these treatments do not target a specific core pathology underlying these heterogeneous disorders. In recent years, abnormal inflammatory processes have been identified as putative pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment targets in mood … Show more

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Cited by 64 publications
(43 citation statements)
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References 96 publications
(149 reference statements)
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“…Increased levels of inflammatory factors such as C‐reactive protein (CRP), high‐sensitivity CRP (hs‐CRP), interleukin‐6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in migraine have also been shown in previous studies 23,24 . On the other hand, several papers have reported links between oxidative stress and inflammation with depression 25‐27 . In addition, some studies have documented that the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders are 2 to 10 times higher among the migraine as compared with the general population, and approximately more than a quarter of the migraines fulfill the criteria for mood disorders 28,29 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 81%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Increased levels of inflammatory factors such as C‐reactive protein (CRP), high‐sensitivity CRP (hs‐CRP), interleukin‐6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in migraine have also been shown in previous studies 23,24 . On the other hand, several papers have reported links between oxidative stress and inflammation with depression 25‐27 . In addition, some studies have documented that the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders are 2 to 10 times higher among the migraine as compared with the general population, and approximately more than a quarter of the migraines fulfill the criteria for mood disorders 28,29 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 81%
“…23,24 On the other hand, several papers have reported links between oxidative stress and inflammation with depression. [25][26][27] In addition, some studies have documented that the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders are 2 to 10 times higher among the migraine as compared with the general population, and approximately more than a quarter of the migraines fulfill the criteria for mood disorders. 28,29 Evidence suggests that there may be a two-way aetiological link between migraine and psychological disorders, meaning that migraine induces psychological conditions that worsen it.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Though there was an association of COVID-19 status with subjective cognitive dysfunction, other socio-demographic factors, including younger age, female gender, history of depression, social isolation and relationship problems with members of the household, were much stronger predictors of worse NeuroQoL metrics. The relationship between stressors, heightened inflammatory response, mood disorders, cognitive abnormalities and neurodegenerative disease has been well established (Watt and Panksepp, 2009;Cunningham, 2011;Murray et al, 2011Murray et al, , 2012Jack et al, 2018;Nation et al, 2019;Parnetti et al, 2019;Sweeney et al, 2019;Jones et al, 2020). Indeed, elevated IL-6 levels, which correlate with COVID-19 severity (Aziz et al, 2020;Frontera et al, 2020Frontera et al, , 2021Pairo-Castineira et al, 2021;Zhu et al, 2021), have been associated with depression and alterations in activity in the subgenual cingulate cortex (Drevets et al, 2008;Harrison et al, 2009).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The relationship between stressors, heightened inflammatory response, mood disorders, cognitive abnormalities and neurodegenerative disease has been well established ( Watt and Panksepp, 2009 ; Cunningham, 2011 ; Murray et al, 2011 , 2012 ; Jack et al, 2018 ; Nation et al, 2019 ; Parnetti et al, 2019 ; Sweeney et al, 2019 ; Jones et al, 2020 ). Indeed, elevated IL-6 levels, which correlate with COVID-19 severity ( Aziz et al, 2020 ; Frontera et al, 2020 , 2021 ; Pairo-Castineira et al, 2021 ; Zhu et al, 2021 ), have been associated with depression and alterations in activity in the subgenual cingulate cortex ( Drevets et al, 2008 ; Harrison et al, 2009 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Given the high prevalence of treatment resistance in mood disorders, investigating the repurposing of medications targeting novel biological targets is necessary. The potential for the use of repurposed medication has been shown in previous work that has attempted to target putative pathological processes associated with mood disorders, such as an activated immune system [ 4 ]. Similarly, there has been increasing interest in exploring altered metabolic function in mood disorders as a potential treatment target.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%