Inflammation, complement, ischemia and amoebic survival in acute experimental amoebic liver abscesses in hamsters

Olivos-García, Alfonso; Néquiz-Avendaño, Mario; Tello, Eusebio; Martı́nez, Rubén D.; González-Canto, Augusto; López-Vancell, R.; León, M.C. García de; Montfort, Irmgard; Pérez-Tamayo, Ruy

doi:10.1016/j.yexmp.2003.09.003

Cited by 37 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Experimental acute ALA was produced in 100-g hamsters following a technique described by Olivos-Garcia et al (2004). Briefly, 2.5×10 5 axenic trophozoites of E. histolytica were inoculated into the portal vein of anesthetized hamsters.…”

Section: Confocal Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Entamoeba histolytica calreticulin: an endoplasmic reticulum protein expressed by trophozoites into experimentally induced amoebic liver abscesses

et al. 2010

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Entamoeba histolytica calreticulin (EhCRT) is remarkably immunogenic in humans (90-100% of invasive amoebiasis patients). Nevertheless, the study of calreticulin in this protozoan is still in its early stages. The exact location, biological functions, and its role in pathogenesis are yet to be fully understood. The aim of the present work is to determine the location of EhCRT in virulent trophozoites in vivo and the expression of the Ehcrt gene during the development of experimentally induced amoebic liver abscesses (ALA) in hamsters. Antibodies against recombinant EhCRT were used for the immunolocalization of EhCRT in trophozoites through confocal microscopy; immunohistochemical assays were also performed on tissue sections of ALAs at different times after intrahepatic inoculation. The expression of the Ehcrt gene during the development of ALA was estimated through both in situ RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR. Confocal assays of virulent trophozoites showed a distribution of EhCRT in the cytoplasmic vesicles of different sizes. Apparently, EhCRT is not exported into the hepatic tissue. Real-time RT-PCR demonstrated an over-expression of the Ehcrt gene at 30 min after trophozoite inoculation, reaching a peak at 1-2 h; thereafter, the expression fell sharply to its original levels. These results demonstrate for the first time in an in vivo model of ALA, the expression of Ehcrt gene in E. histolytica trophozoites and add evidence that support CRT as a resident protein of the ER in E. histolytica species. The in vivo experiments suggest that CRT may play an important role during the early stages of the host-parasite relationship, when the parasite is adapting to a new environment, although the protein seems to be constitutively synthesized. Moreover, trophozoites apparently do not export EhCRT into the hepatic tissue in ALA.

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Section: Confocal Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Entamoeba histolytica calreticulin: an endoplasmic reticulum protein expressed by trophozoites into experimentally induced amoebic liver abscesses

et al. 2010

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“…Furthermore, in the absence of inflammatory cells, virulent E. histolytica trophozoites lead to little or no abscess formation in hamsters [44, 153]. …”

Section: An Overview Of the Prx Model Of Amoebiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With chronic inflammation and necrosis comes ischemia of the lesions [31, 153, 161]. Consequently, there is reduced availability of the host molecules that could counteract ONOO − (e.g., carbon dioxide, hemoglobin, and albumin) [69, 70].…”

Section: An Overview Of the Prx Model Of Amoebiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Peroxynitrite and Peroxiredoxin in the Pathogenesis of Experimental Amebic Liver Abscess

Pacheco‐Yépez¹,

Jarillo-Luna²,

Gutiérrez-Meza³

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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The molecular mechanisms by which Entamoeba histolytica causes amebic liver abscess (ALA) are still not fully understood. Amebic mechanisms of adherence and cytotoxic activity are pivotal for amebic survival but apparently do not directly cause liver abscess. Abundant evidence indicates that chronic inflammation (resulting from an inadequate immune response) is probably the main cause of ALA. Reports referring to inflammatory mechanisms of liver damage mention a repertoire of toxic molecules by the immune response (especially nitric oxide and reactive oxygen intermediates) and cytotoxic substances released by neutrophils and macrophages after being lysed by amoebas (e.g., defensins, complement, and proteases). Nevertheless, recent evidence downplays these mechanisms in abscess formation and emphasizes the importance of peroxynitrite (ONOO−). It seems that the defense mechanism of amoebas against ONOO−, namely, the amebic thioredoxin system (including peroxiredoxin), is superior to that of mammals. The aim of the present text is to define the importance of ONOO− as the main agent of liver abscess formation during amebic invasion, and to explain the superior capacity of amoebas to defend themselves against this toxic agent through the peroxiredoxin and thioredoxin system.

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“…ALA was induced in a Syrian golden hamster as described by Olivos-Garcia and Weber et al [12,13] . Briefly, 1 暳 10 6 of axenically cultured virulent strain E. histolytica trophozoites (HM1-IMSS) was suspended in 0.2 mL phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and then inoculated into the portal vein of an anesthetized male hamster.…”

Section: Development Of Ala In Experimentally Induced Hamstermentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Entamoeba histolytica in experimentally induced amoebic liver abscess: comparison of three staining methods

Ning

Kin

Mustafa

et al. 2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

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Inflammation, complement, ischemia and amoebic survival in acute experimental amoebic liver abscesses in hamsters

Cited by 37 publications

References 7 publications

Entamoeba histolytica calreticulin: an endoplasmic reticulum protein expressed by trophozoites into experimentally induced amoebic liver abscesses

Entamoeba histolytica calreticulin: an endoplasmic reticulum protein expressed by trophozoites into experimentally induced amoebic liver abscesses

Peroxynitrite and Peroxiredoxin in the Pathogenesis of Experimental Amebic Liver Abscess

Detection of Entamoeba histolytica in experimentally induced amoebic liver abscess: comparison of three staining methods

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