Inflammation, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and Related Disorders

Meyer, Jeffrey H.

doi:10.1007/7854_2020_210

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Glia cell activation underlie neuroinflammatory processes in lupus erythematosus patients, thereby yielding specific insights into the disease mechanisms of autoantibody-related psychiatric disease. TSPO imaging is known to facilitate the depiction of neuroinflammation in patients with major depressive disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder ( 28 ), and dementia such as Alzheimer´s disease ( 29 ).…”

Section: Novel Discoveries In Methods Relevant For Immunopsychiatrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunopsychiatry – Innovative Technology to Characterize Disease Activity in Autoantibody-Associated Psychiatric Diseases

Hansen

2022

Front. Immunol.

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Background Anti-neural autoantibody-associated psychiatric disease is a novel field in immunopsychiatry that has been attracting attention thanks to its potentially positive therapeutic outcome and distinct prognosis compared with non-organic psychiatric disease. This review aims to describe recent novel technological developments for improving diagnostics in the field of autoantibody-related psychiatric disease.MethodsWe screened for relevant articles in PubMed for this narrative article. We focused on research methods such as neuroimaging, immune cells and inflammation markers, and molecular biomarkers in human biofluids like serum and cerebrospinal fluid and plasma proteomics.ResultsWe introduce several novel methods for investigating autoinflammation with the aim of optimizing therapies for autoantibody-associated psychiatric disease. We describe measuring the translocator protein 18kDa in activated microglia via positron emission tomography imaging, brain volumetric assessment, flow cell cytometry of cerebrospinal fluid and blood, and blood biological probes as well as psychopathological cues to help us gain insights into diagnosing inflammation and brain damage better in psychiatric patients presenting a suspected autoimmune etiology.ConclusionOur short methodological review provides an overview of recent developments in the field of autoantibody-related immunopsychiatry. More research is needed to prove their usefulness in diagnosing and treating autoantibody-associated psychiatric disease and its subtypes.

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Section: Novel Discoveries In Methods Relevant For Immunopsychiatrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunopsychiatry – Innovative Technology to Characterize Disease Activity in Autoantibody-Associated Psychiatric Diseases

Hansen

2022

Front. Immunol.

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“…PANDAS/PANS served as one specific example demonstrating the potential involvement of inflammation in OCD. Building upon this foundation, subsequent research has expanded the association between inflammation and OCD, investigating various inflammatory markers and pathways in a broader context of the disorder (Attwells et al., 2017; Meyer, 2021; Rao et al., 2015; Rodríguez et al., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the exact cause of OCD is unknown, there is growing evidence that a large proportion of OCD cases are linked to inflammation and, thus, inflammation may play a role in some cases of OCD pathophysiology, including alterations in peripheral immune cell populations, alterations in peripheral cytokines, and neuroinflammation (Attwells et al., 2017; Meyer, 2021; Rao et al., 2015; Rodríguez et al., 2019). Of note, other neuropsychiatric disorders have also been associated with inflammation, such as major depressive disorder (MDD) (Ai et al., 2023; Maayan & Maayan, 2024; Yang et al., 2018), bipolar disorder (Ai et al., 2023; Misiak et al., 2020; Solmi et al., 2021), schizophrenia (Ai et al., 2023; Marques et al., 2019; Zhou et al., 2021), and Alzheimer's disease (Su et al., 2019; Yang et al., 2021; Zhang et al., 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation in obsessive–compulsive disorder: A literature review and hypothesis‐based potential of transcranial photobiomodulation

Coelho,

Salvi,

Vieira

et al. 2024

J of Neuroscience Research

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Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disabling neuropsychiatric disorder that affects about 2%–3% of the global population. Despite the availability of several treatments, many patients with OCD do not respond adequately, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches. Recent studies have associated various inflammatory processes with the pathogenesis of OCD, including alterations in peripheral immune cells, alterations in cytokine levels, and neuroinflammation. These findings suggest that inflammation could be a promising target for intervention. Transcranial photobiomodulation (t‐PBM) with near‐infrared light is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique that has shown potential for several neuropsychiatric disorders. However, its efficacy in OCD remains to be fully explored. This study aimed to review the literature on inflammation in OCD, detailing associations with T‐cell populations, monocytes, NLRP3 inflammasome components, microglial activation, and elevated proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF‐α, CRP, IL‐1β, and IL‐6. We also examined the hypothesis‐based potential of t‐PBM in targeting these inflammatory pathways of OCD, focusing on mechanisms such as modulation of oxidative stress, regulation of immune cell function, reduction of proinflammatory cytokine levels, deactivation of neurotoxic microglia, and upregulation of BDNF gene expression. Our review suggests that t‐PBM could be a promising, noninvasive intervention for OCD, with the potential to modulate underlying inflammatory processes. Future research should focus on randomized clinical trials to assess t‐PBM's efficacy and optimal treatment parameters in OCD. Biomarker analyses and neuroimaging studies will be important in understanding the relationship between inflammatory modulation and OCD symptom improvement following t‐PBM sessions.

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“…Still, the results of trait scores analysis suggest that NO 2 may contribute to OCD traits in the community. Increased risk of OCD through infection may occur via inflammation and damage to brain tissue at a time of critical development (151). NO 2 pollution is thought to affect neurodevelopment through a similar mechanism (13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reviews of environmental risk factors for OCD include streptococcal infection, traumatic brain injury, stressful and traumatic life events, and parenting styles -while citing the need for further research (83,150). Increased risk of OCD through infection may occur via inflammation and damage to brain tissue at a time of critical development (151), similar NO 2 pollution is thought to affect neurodevelopment through a similar mechanism (13)(14)(15). Previous research has found that air pollutants can induce brain damage via neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurochemical or neuropathological changes.…”

Section: No 2 Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Analysis of the Association Between Air Pollution, Urban Green Space, and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Boushel¹

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This thesis aimed to test the association between environmental exposures and neurodevelopmental diagnoses, trait, and cognitive scores in a sample of children and adolescents living in Toronto, Canada. The influence of the environment on the prevalence and severity of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Obsessive-Compulsive disorder (OCD), and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is not yet clear.Studying the effects of these exposures in an urban environment is critical, as they represent potentially important modifiable risk factors. This thesis found evidence of an association between environmental exposures and OCD traits within the community.Consistent results in the analysis are promising; however, the results are preliminary and require further study. The results add to the uncertainty surrounding the effect of the environment on ADHD. Analysis of the combined results support the use of quantitative measures for assessing neurodevelopmental disorders, and the idea that disorders like ADHD and OCD exist at extreme ends of a spectrum of traits within the community.Chapter 4 -Conclusion.

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Inflammation, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and Related Disorders

Cited by 14 publications

References 97 publications

Immunopsychiatry – Innovative Technology to Characterize Disease Activity in Autoantibody-Associated Psychiatric Diseases

Immunopsychiatry – Innovative Technology to Characterize Disease Activity in Autoantibody-Associated Psychiatric Diseases

Inflammation in obsessive–compulsive disorder: A literature review and hypothesis‐based potential of transcranial photobiomodulation

Combined Analysis of the Association Between Air Pollution, Urban Green Space, and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

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