Inflammatory bowel disease and intestinal cancer: a paradigm of the Yin–Yang interplay between inflammation and cancer

Abstract

Colon cancer represents a paradigm for the connection between inflammation and cancer in terms of epidemiology and mechanistic studies in preclinical models. Key components of cancer promoting inflammation include master transcription factors (for example, nuclear factor jB, STAT3), proinflammatory cytokines (for example, tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6 (IL-6)), cyclooxygenase-2 and selected chemokines (for example, CCL2). Of no less importance are mediators that keep inflammation in check, including IL-10, transforming growth factorb, toll-like receptor and the IL-1 receptor inhibitor TIR8/ SIGIRR, and the chemokine decoy and scavenger receptor D6. Dissection of molecular pathways involved in colitis-associated cancer may offer opportunities for innovative therapeutic strategies.

Lactobacillus plantarum Lipoteichoic Acid Alleviates TNF-α-Induced Inflammation in the HT-29 Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line

“…Both positive regulators, such as proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6, and negative regulators, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), IL-10, and single immunoglobulin IL-1R-related molecule (SIGIRR) induce colon cancer development (Danese and Mantovani, 2010). The transcription factors NF-κB and MAPKs are particularly important in colon cancer development (Danese and Mantovani, 2010;Huang et al, 2010).…”

“…The transcription factors NF-κB and MAPKs are particularly important in colon cancer development (Danese and Mantovani, 2010;Huang et al, 2010). Activation of NF-κB contributes to the activation of innate immunity, inflammation, cell proliferation, and survival.…”

Current overview of colitis-associated colorectal cancer

“…Inflammation also stimulates angiogenesis and tissue remodeling, both of which are involved in tumor cell invasion and metastasis [18]. Cancerogenic transformation is thus associated with pathophysiological changes at genomic, cellular and systemic levels ( Figure 2).…”

Inulin Diet Intervention on Chemopreventive and Inflammatory Markers in Tumorigenesis of Colorectal Cancer

“…Infl ammation is now thought to be the key in tumorigenesis via DNA damage, stimulation of the production of pro-infl ammatory mediators, angiogenesis, proliferation, and inhibition of apoptosis. Indeed, the link between infl ammation and development of colorectal cancer is well-established [3]. Since infl ammation is closely linked to tumor promotion, substances with potent anti-infl ammatory activities are anticipated to exert chemopreventive effects on carcinogenesis, particularly in the promotion stage.…”