Inflammatory cytokine expression in patients with sepsis at an intensive care unit

Abstract

Abstract. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infection of bacteria, fungi and/or viruses in clinical patients. It is known that inflammatory cytokine levels have an essential role in the progression of sepsis. The present study investigated the role of inflammatory markers in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) of patients with sepsis at an intensive care unit. In addition, the plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines were compared between sepsis patients and healthy individuals. The results demonstrated that the serum levels of interleukin-1, -17 and -6, as well as tumor necrosis factor-α, were upregulated in sepsis patients. The serum levels of high mobility group box 1 and C-reactive protein were increased in sepsis patients compared with those in healthy individuals. The expression levels of nuclear factor-κB-p65 and its inhibitor IκBα, as well as the ratio of CD25 + cells, and the levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and peptidoglycan recognition protein were higher in hPBMCs in sepsis patients compared with those in healthy individuals. It was also indicated that balance of T helper type 1/2 cytokines was also disturbed in patients with sepsis compared with that in healthy individuals. In conclusion, these results indicated that inflammation is involved in the progression of sepsis by interfering with the expression of various molecules, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of sepsis patients.

Brevenal, a Marine Natural Product, is Anti-Inflammatory and an Immunomodulator of Macrophage and Lung Epithelial Cells

“…The corticosteroid budesonide has been found to reduce TNFα secretion from macrophages in vitro by approximately 40% at a similar dose of 1 nM [35]. Additionally, it has been found that serum levels of IL-1β and TNFα are only 45%–50% lower in healthy patients than those hospitalized with sepsis [36]. As such, we suggest that our results would translate in vivo to a measured yet significant physiological effect to reduce damaging inflammation in lung disease, without compromising the necessary healing response of the immune system.…”

Adaptive Membrane Fluidity Modulation: A Feedback Regulated Homeostatic System and Target for Pharmacological Intervention

“…A notorious example is a highly virulent methicillin-resistant S. aureus strain PVL(+)MRSA that elaborates various toxins including the multimeric pore forming toxin Panton-Valentine leukocidin. Cytokine storm in bacterial sepsis includes a release of an array of inflammatory cytokines (68,69) combined with impaired glucose tolerance (70). Curiously, adipose-derived hormone leptin becomes a pathogen in sepsis and exacerbates sepsismediated morbidity and mortality (71).…”

CircC3P1 attenuated pro‐inflammatory cytokine production and cell apoptosis in acute lung injury induced by sepsis through modulating miR‐21

“…Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome, which is triggered by infection with pathogenic bacteria, viruses or fungi. 1 In severe septic patients, multi-organ dysfunction is the major cause of death. 2 Acute lung injury (ALI), one of the most common severe sepsis complications, is a syndrome of severe acute respiratory failure.…”