Inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and cancer

Amin, Mohammad Nurul; Siddiqui, Shafayet Ahmed; Ibrahim, Ibrahim; Hakim, Lukman; Ahammed, Salim; Kabir, Asma; Sultana, Farhana

doi:10.1177/2050312120965752

Cited by 137 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 144 publications

(206 reference statements)

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“…This connection is key to consider, as risk of comorbidities, and particularly, cardiovascular diseases, which have been linked to higher activity involving innate immune system functions. 76 Significant interplay can also be observed in prior studies, as pre‐existing chronic conditions such as obesity may additionally have strong associations with other prognostic factors for worse COVID‐19 outcomes such as CVD, respiratory disease, diabetes, and renal disease. 77 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hospitalised versus outpatient COVID‐19 patients' background characteristics and comorbidities: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Mattey-Mora

Begle

Owusu

et al. 2021

Reviews in Medical Virology

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This study aimed to systematically assess COVID‐19 patient background characteristics and pre‐existing comorbidities associated with hospitalisation status. The meta‐analysis included cross‐sectional, cohort, and case‐series studies with information on hospitalisation versus outpatient status for COVID‐19 patients, with background characteristics and pre‐existing comorbidities. A total of 1,002,006 patients from 40 studies were identified. Significantly higher odds of hospitalisation were observed in Black individuals (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.04–1.70), males (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.43–1.76), and persons with current/past smoking (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.34–1.88). Additionally, individuals with pre‐existing comorbidities were more likely to be hospitalised [asthma (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.02–1.45), COPD (OR = 3.68, 95% CI: 2.97–4.55), congestive heart failure (OR = 6.80, 95% CI: 4.97–9.31), coronary heart disease (OR = 4.40, 95% CI: 3.15–6.16), diabetes (OR = 3.90, 95% CI: 3.29–4.63), hypertension (OR = 3.89, 95% CI: 3.34–4.54), obesity (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.59–2.46) and renal chronic disease (OR = 5.84, 95% CI: 4.51–7.56)]. High heterogeneity and low publication bias among all factors were found. Age was not included due to the large variability in the estimates reported. In this systematic review/meta‐analysis for patients with COVID‐19, Black patients, males, persons who smoke, and those with pre‐existing comorbidities were more likely to be hospitalised than their counterparts. Findings provide evidence of populations with higher odds of hospitalisation for COVID‐19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hospitalised versus outpatient COVID‐19 patients' background characteristics and comorbidities: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Mattey-Mora

Begle

Owusu

et al. 2021

Reviews in Medical Virology

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“…Coronary stenting is quite common in lung GGN patients with elevated levels of IL-6, which may re ect that in ammatory mediators could be implicated in aggravating coronary arterial damage. Higher levels of IL-6 and TNF-α participate in coronary arterial damage, as well as in the development and progression of tumors [27,28]. Besides, IL-6 also mediates the systemic in ammatory response of cancer patients [29,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Lung Ground-glass Nodules From the Perspective of Inflammation-to-cancer Transition Based on Il-6 Level and Clinical Features

Shen¹,

Xia²,

Li³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Objective：To explore the potential impact of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in promoting the development and progression of lung ground-glass nodules (GGN) based on multiple clinical features using multi-dimensional analysis (MDA). Methods: Sample collected from data taken from patients with lung GGN who received treatment in Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, between September 2018 and September 2020. Sample data were grouped according to GGN diameter as well as IL-6 levels and screened according to the solitary GGN (d<0.8cm) after more than one year of follow-up observation. Differences in associated complications, peripheral superoxide dismutase (SOD), IgE and T cell subsets, tumor markers, and CT malignant signs were compared between the two sample groups. Results：A total of 145 patients was included in the study. From the results, the diameter of GGN was ≥5mm in 95 patients and <5mm in 50 patients. There were significant differences in peripheral IL-6 levels between the two groups (p<0.05). Whereas the IL-6 level was elevated in 53 patients, the levels were normal in 92 patients. There was a corresponding significant increase in complications such as anxiety, sleep disturbances, feeling of fatigue, and history of coronary stent implantation in the group of GGN patients with elevated levels of IL-6, when compared to the group with the normal IL-6 levels (p<0.05). Peripheral SOD and IgE levels were observed to be significantly higher in the group with elevated IL-6 levels than seen in the group with normal IL-6 levels (p<0.05). In addition, there was also a significant difference in T helper (Th) and T suppressor (Ts) cell levels between the two groups (p<0.05). Levels of tumor markers such as NSE and CY21-1 were also found to be elevated in the group with elevated IL-6 levels than in the group with normal IL-6 levels (p<0.05). Finally, the group with elevated Il-6 levels was observed to have a higher proportion of patients with vascular convergence sign (VCS) and mixed ground-glass opacity (mGGO) as compared to the sample with normal IL-6 levels (p<0.05). Conclusion: Chronic inflammation is an important factor in the malignant transformation of GGN. IL-6 plays a significant role in promoting the formation of early lung cancer through multiple pathways, including mediating imbalance of the human mitochondrial antioxidant system and reactive elevation of IgE, inhibiting the anti-tumor immune function of T cells, and promoting tumor tissue angiogenesis. The probability of malignant transformation is even higher in lung GGN accompanied with IL-6 elevation.

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“…Although the mechanisms governing some pathways have been illustrated by in vitro studies or animal studies, many cytokines were found to be elevated in patients with cancer or tumor microenvironments [ 25 , 26 ]. Thus, it is of vital importance to fully explore how these cytokines interact with tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, as a deep understanding of the underlying mechanisms and pathways could shed substantial light on the development of potential anticancer therapies.…”

Section: Inflammation and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Cytokines in Cancer: Comprehensive Understanding and Clinical Progress in Gene Therapy

Lan

Chen

Wei

2021

Cells

149

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The relationship between chronic inflammation and neoplastic diseases is not fully understood. The inflammatory microenvironment of a tumor is an intricate network that consists of numerous types of cells, cytokines, enzymes and signaling pathways. Recent evidence shows that the crucial components of cancer-related inflammation are involved in a coordinated system to influence the development of cancer, which may shed light on the development of potential anticancer therapies. Since the last century, considerable effort has been devoted to developing gene therapies for life-threatening diseases. When it comes to modulating the inflammatory microenvironment for cancer therapy, inflammatory cytokines are the most efficient targets. In this manuscript, we provide a comprehensive review of the relationship between inflammation and cancer development, especially focusing on inflammatory cytokines. We also summarize the clinical trials for gene therapy targeting inflammatory cytokines for cancer treatment. Future perspectives concerned with new gene-editing technology and novel gene delivery systems are finally provided.

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Inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and cancer

Cited by 137 publications

References 144 publications

Hospitalised versus outpatient COVID‐19 patients' background characteristics and comorbidities: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Hospitalised versus outpatient COVID‐19 patients' background characteristics and comorbidities: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Analysis of Lung Ground-glass Nodules From the Perspective of Inflammation-to-cancer Transition Based on Il-6 Level and Clinical Features

Inflammatory Cytokines in Cancer: Comprehensive Understanding and Clinical Progress in Gene Therapy

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