Inflammatory cytokines in vitreous fluid and serum of patients with diabetic vitreoretinopathy

Yuuki, Takashi; Kanda, Tsugiyasu; Kimura, Yasutaka; Kotajima, Nobuo; Tamura, Jun’ichi; Kobayashi, Isao; Kishi, Shoji

doi:10.1016/s1056-8727(01)00155-6

Cited by 214 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…39 Vitreous, but not serum, concentrations of IL-6 were higher in PDR than in noninflammatory retinopathy. 40 In our study, detectable serum levels of IL-6 were found in diabetic and nondiabetic women throughout pregnancy and postpartum, but the levels were comparable in both groups. Our diabetic women were in good metabolic control, and this may explain why we could not find differences between the two study groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

Inflammatory markers and retinopathy in pregnancies complicated with Type I diabetes

Loukovaara

Immonen

Koistinen

et al. 2004

Eye

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Aim The relation of maternal cytokine levels to retinopathy progression during diabetic pregnancy is a less studied subject. Therefore, we investigated levels of systemic proinflammatory markers, C-reactive peptide (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and circulating vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) during pregnancy and postpartum in relation to the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods A prospective follow-up study of 39 pregnant women with Type I diabetes and eight nondiabetic pregnant women was performed. DR was graded from fundus photographs. Plasma levels of systemic proinflammatory markers were measured by immunofluorometric assay (CRP) and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IL-6 and VCAM-1) in the first, second (diabetics only), third trimester of pregnancy, and 3 and 6 months postpartum (diabetics only). Results Our diabetic women had good glycaemic control (HbA1c 6.970.8). The levels of IL-6, VCAM-1, and CRP did not differ between diabetic and nondiabetic women throughout pregnancy and postpartum (repeated measures ANOVA between the groups). An association between CRP and progression of retinopathy was observed in diabetic women (P ¼ 0.037). Additional evidence of inter-relationship could be revealed as CRP was higher in those diabetic women with worse glycaemic control (HbA1c) (P ¼ 0.038). Conclusions During pregnancy and postpartum, levels of proinflammatory factors (IL-6, CRP, VCAM-1) seem to be generally similar in Type I diabetic women compared to nondiabetic controls. However, CRP levels were higher in those diabetic women with progression of retinopathy and in those with worse glycaemic control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

Inflammatory markers and retinopathy in pregnancies complicated with Type I diabetes

Loukovaara

Immonen

Koistinen

et al. 2004

Eye

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“…However, why there is a close association between cystatin C and DR is not clear. The pathophysiologic changes of DR include edema of the macula, retinal inflammation, neovascularization, and optic neuropathy [12][13][14][15], and cystatin C likely plays an important role in these pathophysiologic changes. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) was identified as a major site for secretion of cystatin C, which is involved in the mechanisms of macular degeneration [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cystatin C predicts diabetic retinopathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes

Sun

Zhou

et al. 2015

Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries

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This study aims to identify the predictive value of cystatin C for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Data from a cross-sectional hospital-based survey of 450 type 2 diabetes patients were analyzed in the study. DR was assessed by fundus fluorescein angiography. Duration of diabetes and other related information were obtained by questionnaire. Body mass index, blood pressure, HbA1c, cystatin C, glomerular filtration rate, urinary albumin excretion, blood lipids, and uric acid were measured. Binary logistic regression was performed to evaluate potential risk factors for DR. The predictive value of cystatin C for DR was evaluated using ROC curve. Cystatin C (P = 0.039) was a risk factor for DR after GFR, and other possibly related variables were adjusted. Cystatin C had a significant predictive value for any DR (AUC, 0.763, P < 0.001; optimal cutoff value, 1.11 mg/L; sensitivity, 56.00 %; specificity, 83.90 %) or severe DR (AUC, 0.821, P < 0.001; optimal cutoff value, 1.23 mg/L; sensitivity, 73.60 %; specificity, 88.70 %). Cystatin C is a novel risk factor for DR and should be used to screen and forecast the presence of DR (especially severe DR) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. The association between cystiatin C and DR should not depend on the excellent ability of cystatin C for the estimation of GFR. Disclaimers:The views expressed in the submitted article are his or her own and not an official position of the institution or funder. Sources of support:Grants from the research developing program of Shandong provincial higher schools of China (Project Number: J12LM61)Word count: 2959 Number of figures and tables:Five tables and three figures Conflict of Interest declaration:The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.Keywords: Cystatin C; Diabetic retinopathy; Type 2 diabetes; Predictive value; Glomerular filtration rate. Abstract Background: Prediction of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is important in countries where

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“…Alternatively, TNF-α knockout may block DR progression by removing TNF-α from the bloodstream. It is feasible that TNF-α represents an external factor that promotes or aggravates retinal inflammation and vascular dysfunction in DR. Several clinical studies have found that average serum levels of TNF-α are increased in patients with PDR and correlate with other systemic indicators of inflammation [85,87,[149][150][151][152][153]. Relative to healthy controls, plasma levels of TNF-α progressively increase in diabetic patients with no retinopathy, with nonproliferative DR and with PDR [153].…”

Section: Additional Cytokines In Drmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiogenic Factors and Cytokines in Diabetic Retinopathy

Abcouwer¹

2011

J Clin Cell Immunol

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a sight-threatening complication of both type-1 and type-2 diabetes. The recent success of treatments inhibiting the function of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) demonstrates that specific targeting of a growth factor responsible for vascular permeability and growth is an effective means of treating DRtargets involved in the control of retinal vascular function. However, additional treatment options and preventative measures are still needed and these require a greater understanding of the pathological mechanisms leading to the disturbance of retinal tissue homeostasis in DR. Although severe DR can be treated as a vascular disease, abundant data suggests that inflammation is also occurring in the diabetic retina.Thus, anti-inflammatory therapies may also be useful for treatment and prevention of DR. Herein, the evidence for altered expression of angiogenic factors and cytokines in DR is reviewed and possible mechanisms by which the expression of VEGF and cytokines may be increased in the diabetic retina are examined. In addition, the potential role for microglial activation in diabetic retinal neuroinflammation is explored.

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Inflammatory cytokines in vitreous fluid and serum of patients with diabetic vitreoretinopathy

Cited by 214 publications

References 14 publications

Inflammatory markers and retinopathy in pregnancies complicated with Type I diabetes

Inflammatory markers and retinopathy in pregnancies complicated with Type I diabetes

Cystatin C predicts diabetic retinopathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes

Angiogenic Factors and Cytokines in Diabetic Retinopathy

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